Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study
This paper presents some features of apple production in Norway, the northernmost apple-growing country in the world. Acceptable growing conditions prevail along the fjords in western Norway and around the lakes in eastern Norway at 60° north. These specific mesic climate conditions are associated w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/3/233 |
| _version_ | 1797240807486390272 |
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| author | Vlado Ličina Tore Krogstad Milica Fotirić Akšić Mekjell Meland |
| author_facet | Vlado Ličina Tore Krogstad Milica Fotirić Akšić Mekjell Meland |
| author_sort | Vlado Ličina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents some features of apple production in Norway, the northernmost apple-growing country in the world. Acceptable growing conditions prevail along the fjords in western Norway and around the lakes in eastern Norway at 60° north. These specific mesic climate conditions are associated with very long summer days (18 h daylight mid-summer) and short winter days (6 h daylight), with frost rarely occurring in the spring along the fjord areas. The present apple-growing technique in Norway is similar to that of other developed apple-growing countries, taking into account that all local growing phases involve a considerable delay in progress (1.5–2 months). Therefore, high-density planting systems based on the use of dwarf rootstocks (mainly M.9) with imported early maturing international apple cultivars are used in most orchards. The most common soil type has high organic matter content (2–18%), which persists due to the cool climate and low mineralization, and a clay content of <15%, which results from the formation of the soil from bedrock. The increase in average temperatures caused by current climatic changes leads to a complex combination of different physiological effects on apples, which can have positive or negative effects on the phenology of the trees. The main advantage of Norwegian apple production is that the quality and aroma of the fruit meet the current demands of the local market. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:13:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3bd2beb8f645407fb5ccbe82d8170aa8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:13:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-3bd2beb8f645407fb5ccbe82d8170aa82024-03-27T13:44:18ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242024-02-0110323310.3390/horticulturae10030233Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case StudyVlado Ličina0Tore Krogstad1Milica Fotirić Akšić2Mekjell Meland3Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 Aas, NorwayFaculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaNIBIO Ullensvang, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ullensvangvegen 1005, N-5781 Lofthus, NorwayThis paper presents some features of apple production in Norway, the northernmost apple-growing country in the world. Acceptable growing conditions prevail along the fjords in western Norway and around the lakes in eastern Norway at 60° north. These specific mesic climate conditions are associated with very long summer days (18 h daylight mid-summer) and short winter days (6 h daylight), with frost rarely occurring in the spring along the fjord areas. The present apple-growing technique in Norway is similar to that of other developed apple-growing countries, taking into account that all local growing phases involve a considerable delay in progress (1.5–2 months). Therefore, high-density planting systems based on the use of dwarf rootstocks (mainly M.9) with imported early maturing international apple cultivars are used in most orchards. The most common soil type has high organic matter content (2–18%), which persists due to the cool climate and low mineralization, and a clay content of <15%, which results from the formation of the soil from bedrock. The increase in average temperatures caused by current climatic changes leads to a complex combination of different physiological effects on apples, which can have positive or negative effects on the phenology of the trees. The main advantage of Norwegian apple production is that the quality and aroma of the fruit meet the current demands of the local market.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/3/233<i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh.soilclimate changemineralscultivar |
| spellingShingle | Vlado Ličina Tore Krogstad Milica Fotirić Akšić Mekjell Meland Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study Horticulturae <i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh. soil climate change minerals cultivar |
| title | Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study |
| title_full | Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study |
| title_fullStr | Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study |
| title_short | Apple Growing in Norway—Ecologic Factors, Current Fertilization Practices and Fruit Quality: A Case Study |
| title_sort | apple growing in norway ecologic factors current fertilization practices and fruit quality a case study |
| topic | <i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh. soil climate change minerals cultivar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/3/233 |
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