<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro
Previous studies relating to prolonged and fractionated distillation procedures highlighted essential oils’ (EOs) chemical composition to be significantly dependent on the extraction duration and harvesting time. As a continuation, a hydrodistillation procedure was applied to ripe fruit material of...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/42 |
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| author | Mijat Božović Stefania Garzoli Svetlana Vujović Filippo Sapienza Rino Ragno |
| author_facet | Mijat Božović Stefania Garzoli Svetlana Vujović Filippo Sapienza Rino Ragno |
| author_sort | Mijat Božović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Previous studies relating to prolonged and fractionated distillation procedures highlighted essential oils’ (EOs) chemical composition to be significantly dependent on the extraction duration and harvesting time. As a continuation, a hydrodistillation procedure was applied to ripe fruit material of fennel, <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller (Apiaceae), collected from three localities in Montenegro (Podgorica, Nikšić, and Kotor) to furnish a total of 12 EOs. Liquid and vapor phases of the samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry techniques, and 18 compounds have been identified. Although both quantitative and qualitative differences between the samples were notable, the phenylpropanoids anethole (ANE) and estragole and the monoterpenoids <i>α</i>-terpineol (TER) and fenchone (FEN) could be singled out as the most abundant constituents. The EOs from Podgorica belong to the most common ANE-rich chemotype, while the predominance of the monoterpenoid fraction is characteristic of the samples from Nikšić and Kotor. The latter is particularly rich in TER (up to 56.5%), with significant amounts of FEN and ANE. This chemical profile could represent a new chemotype of fennel EO. Vapor phases contained mainly monoterpenoids, with increased amounts of FEN and TER, while the number of phenylpropanoids was significantly decreased. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3bd6e5e1b43d4efa9961e923b9b00d66 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3bd6e5e1b43d4efa9961e923b9b00d662023-11-23T12:06:46ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-12-011114210.3390/plants11010042<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from MontenegroMijat Božović0Stefania Garzoli1Svetlana Vujović2Filippo Sapienza3Rino Ragno4Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, MontenegroDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyInstitute for Medicines and Medical Devices in Montenegro, Ivana Crnojevića 64a, 81000 Podgorica, MontenegroDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyPrevious studies relating to prolonged and fractionated distillation procedures highlighted essential oils’ (EOs) chemical composition to be significantly dependent on the extraction duration and harvesting time. As a continuation, a hydrodistillation procedure was applied to ripe fruit material of fennel, <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller (Apiaceae), collected from three localities in Montenegro (Podgorica, Nikšić, and Kotor) to furnish a total of 12 EOs. Liquid and vapor phases of the samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry techniques, and 18 compounds have been identified. Although both quantitative and qualitative differences between the samples were notable, the phenylpropanoids anethole (ANE) and estragole and the monoterpenoids <i>α</i>-terpineol (TER) and fenchone (FEN) could be singled out as the most abundant constituents. The EOs from Podgorica belong to the most common ANE-rich chemotype, while the predominance of the monoterpenoid fraction is characteristic of the samples from Nikšić and Kotor. The latter is particularly rich in TER (up to 56.5%), with significant amounts of FEN and ANE. This chemical profile could represent a new chemotype of fennel EO. Vapor phases contained mainly monoterpenoids, with increased amounts of FEN and TER, while the number of phenylpropanoids was significantly decreased.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/42<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> MillerApiaceaeessential oilsprolonged extractionfractionated distillationHS-GC/MS |
| spellingShingle | Mijat Božović Stefania Garzoli Svetlana Vujović Filippo Sapienza Rino Ragno <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro Plants <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller Apiaceae essential oils prolonged extraction fractionated distillation HS-GC/MS |
| title | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro |
| title_full | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro |
| title_fullStr | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro |
| title_short | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro |
| title_sort | i foeniculum vulgare i miller a new chemotype from montenegro |
| topic | <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Miller Apiaceae essential oils prolonged extraction fractionated distillation HS-GC/MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/42 |
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