Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials
The essential oils of five Vietnamese <i>Syzygium</i> species (<i>Syzygium levinei</i>, <i>S. acuminatissimum</i>, <i>S. vestitum</i>, <i>S. cumini</i>, and <i>S. buxifolium</i>) were first hydro-distilled and analyzed using GC-...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/22/7505 |
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| author | Le Thi Huong Nguyen Huy Hung Nguyen Ngoc Linh Ty Viet Pham Do Ngoc Dai Nguyen Quang Hop William N. Setzer Ninh The Son Wilfried Andlauer Wolfram Manuel Brück |
| author_facet | Le Thi Huong Nguyen Huy Hung Nguyen Ngoc Linh Ty Viet Pham Do Ngoc Dai Nguyen Quang Hop William N. Setzer Ninh The Son Wilfried Andlauer Wolfram Manuel Brück |
| author_sort | Le Thi Huong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The essential oils of five Vietnamese <i>Syzygium</i> species (<i>Syzygium levinei</i>, <i>S. acuminatissimum</i>, <i>S. vestitum</i>, <i>S. cumini</i>, and <i>S. buxifolium</i>) were first hydro-distilled and analyzed using GC-FID/MS (gas chromatography–flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry). Monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids were the main chemical classes in these oils. All these essential oils showed good–excellent antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and the yeast <i>Candida albicans. S. levinei</i> leaf essential oil, rich in bicyclogermacrene (25.3%), (<i>E</i>)-<i>β</i>-elemene (12.2%), (<i>E</i>)-caryophyllene (8.2%), and <i>β</i>-selinene (7.4%), as well as <i>S. acuminatissimum</i> fruit essential oil containing (<i>E</i>)-caryophyllene (14.2%), <i>α</i>-pinene (12.1%), caryophyllene oxide (10.9%), <i>β</i>-selinene (10.8%), <i>α</i>-selinene (8.0%), and <i>α</i>-humulene (5.7%), established the same MIC value of 8 µg/mL against <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>B. cereus</i>, which were much better than the positive control streptomycin (MIC 128–256 µg/mL). The studied essential oils showed the potential to defend against mosquitoes since they caused the 24 and 48 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of less than 50 µg/mL against the growth of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> and <i>Aedes aegypti</i> larvae. Especially, <i>S. buxifolium</i> leaf essential oil strongly inhibited <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae with 24 and 48 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of 6.73 and 6.73 µg/mL, respectively, and 24 and 48 h LC<sub>90</sub> values of 13.37 and 10.83 µg/mL, respectively. These findings imply that Vietnamese <i>Syzygium</i> essential oils might have potential for use as supplemental antibacterial agents or as “green” alternatives for the control of mosquitoes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:34:07Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:34:07Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3be023d342a94bf7a62a84dbe921a0df2023-11-24T14:57:59ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-11-012822750510.3390/molecules28227505Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal PotentialsLe Thi Huong0Nguyen Huy Hung1Nguyen Ngoc Linh2Ty Viet Pham3Do Ngoc Dai4Nguyen Quang Hop5William N. Setzer6Ninh The Son7Wilfried Andlauer8Wolfram Manuel Brück9School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, VietnamCenter for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 50000, VietnamFaculty of Pharmacy, Thanh Do University, Kim Chung, Hoai Duc, Hanoi City 10000, VietnamFaculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, VietnamFaculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Nghe An University of Economics, 51-Ly Tu Trong, Vinh City 43000, VietnamFaculty of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 (HPU2), 32 Nguyen Van Linh, Xuan Hoa, Phuc Yen 15000, VietnamAromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USAInstitute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi 10000, VietnamInstitute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais, Rue de l’Industrie 19, 1950 Sion, SwitzerlandInstitute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais, Rue de l’Industrie 19, 1950 Sion, SwitzerlandThe essential oils of five Vietnamese <i>Syzygium</i> species (<i>Syzygium levinei</i>, <i>S. acuminatissimum</i>, <i>S. vestitum</i>, <i>S. cumini</i>, and <i>S. buxifolium</i>) were first hydro-distilled and analyzed using GC-FID/MS (gas chromatography–flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry). Monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids were the main chemical classes in these oils. All these essential oils showed good–excellent antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and the yeast <i>Candida albicans. S. levinei</i> leaf essential oil, rich in bicyclogermacrene (25.3%), (<i>E</i>)-<i>β</i>-elemene (12.2%), (<i>E</i>)-caryophyllene (8.2%), and <i>β</i>-selinene (7.4%), as well as <i>S. acuminatissimum</i> fruit essential oil containing (<i>E</i>)-caryophyllene (14.2%), <i>α</i>-pinene (12.1%), caryophyllene oxide (10.9%), <i>β</i>-selinene (10.8%), <i>α</i>-selinene (8.0%), and <i>α</i>-humulene (5.7%), established the same MIC value of 8 µg/mL against <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>B. cereus</i>, which were much better than the positive control streptomycin (MIC 128–256 µg/mL). The studied essential oils showed the potential to defend against mosquitoes since they caused the 24 and 48 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of less than 50 µg/mL against the growth of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> and <i>Aedes aegypti</i> larvae. Especially, <i>S. buxifolium</i> leaf essential oil strongly inhibited <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae with 24 and 48 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of 6.73 and 6.73 µg/mL, respectively, and 24 and 48 h LC<sub>90</sub> values of 13.37 and 10.83 µg/mL, respectively. These findings imply that Vietnamese <i>Syzygium</i> essential oils might have potential for use as supplemental antibacterial agents or as “green” alternatives for the control of mosquitoes.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/22/7505Myrtaceae<i>Syzygium</i>essential oilantimicrobialmosquito larvicidal |
| spellingShingle | Le Thi Huong Nguyen Huy Hung Nguyen Ngoc Linh Ty Viet Pham Do Ngoc Dai Nguyen Quang Hop William N. Setzer Ninh The Son Wilfried Andlauer Wolfram Manuel Brück Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials Molecules Myrtaceae <i>Syzygium</i> essential oil antimicrobial mosquito larvicidal |
| title | Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials |
| title_full | Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials |
| title_fullStr | Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials |
| title_short | Essential Oils of Five <i>Syzygium</i> Species Growing Wild in Vietnam: Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Mosquito Larvicidal Potentials |
| title_sort | essential oils of five i syzygium i species growing wild in vietnam chemical compositions and antimicrobial and mosquito larvicidal potentials |
| topic | Myrtaceae <i>Syzygium</i> essential oil antimicrobial mosquito larvicidal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/22/7505 |
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