Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review
Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) is a sizing agent used in papermaking to increase the water repellency of paper. Almost 60 years after the introduction of the chemical in papermaking, scientists still have differing views on how ASA interacts with cellulose. Several experiments were conducted to br...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2876 |
| _version_ | 1797590937376915456 |
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| author | Yao Ntifafa Lebo Xu Sara Bollinger Yun Ji Peter W. Hart |
| author_facet | Yao Ntifafa Lebo Xu Sara Bollinger Yun Ji Peter W. Hart |
| author_sort | Yao Ntifafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) is a sizing agent used in papermaking to increase the water repellency of paper. Almost 60 years after the introduction of the chemical in papermaking, scientists still have differing views on how ASA interacts with cellulose. Several experiments were conducted to bring more clarity to the ASA sizing mechanism, especially on the contentious question of ASA-cellulose covalent bonding or the esterification reaction between ASA and cellulose during papermaking. Herein, research papers and patents, including experiments and results, from the 1960s to 2020 were reviewed. Our investigation revealed that the ester bond formation between ASA and cellulose is insignificant and is not a prerequisite for sizing effectiveness; the main ASA-related material found in sized paper is hydrolyzed ASA or both hydrolyzed ASA and ASA salt. In addition, ASA emulsion stability and ASA emulsion retention are important for sizing efficiency improvement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:31:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3be0bc207ea448249e8e5e65ecccc1ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:31:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-3be0bc207ea448249e8e5e65ecccc1ac2023-11-18T17:21:26ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-06-011513287610.3390/polym15132876Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—ReviewYao Ntifafa0Lebo Xu1Sara Bollinger2Yun Ji3Peter W. Hart4WestRock, 2742 Charles City Road, Richmond, VA 23231, USAWestRock, 2742 Charles City Road, Richmond, VA 23231, USAWestRock, 2742 Charles City Road, Richmond, VA 23231, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USAWestRock, 2742 Charles City Road, Richmond, VA 23231, USAAlkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) is a sizing agent used in papermaking to increase the water repellency of paper. Almost 60 years after the introduction of the chemical in papermaking, scientists still have differing views on how ASA interacts with cellulose. Several experiments were conducted to bring more clarity to the ASA sizing mechanism, especially on the contentious question of ASA-cellulose covalent bonding or the esterification reaction between ASA and cellulose during papermaking. Herein, research papers and patents, including experiments and results, from the 1960s to 2020 were reviewed. Our investigation revealed that the ester bond formation between ASA and cellulose is insignificant and is not a prerequisite for sizing effectiveness; the main ASA-related material found in sized paper is hydrolyzed ASA or both hydrolyzed ASA and ASA salt. In addition, ASA emulsion stability and ASA emulsion retention are important for sizing efficiency improvement.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2876Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA)cellulosepaper sizingcovalent bondingsizing agent stabilitysizing agent retention |
| spellingShingle | Yao Ntifafa Lebo Xu Sara Bollinger Yun Ji Peter W. Hart Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review Polymers Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) cellulose paper sizing covalent bonding sizing agent stability sizing agent retention |
| title | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review |
| title_full | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review |
| title_fullStr | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review |
| title_short | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride: The Question of Covalent Bonding and Chemistry Considerations for Better Sizing—Review |
| title_sort | alkenyl succinic anhydride the question of covalent bonding and chemistry considerations for better sizing review |
| topic | Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) cellulose paper sizing covalent bonding sizing agent stability sizing agent retention |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2876 |
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