Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology
Rapid development in the printing and dying industry produces large amounts of wastewater, and its discharge in the environment causes pollution. Keeping in view the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of various dyes, it is important to treat dyed wastewater. Maple leaf biochars were produced at...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| author | Yong-Keun Choi Ranjit Gurav Hyung Joo Kim Yung-Hun Yang Shashi Kant Bhatia |
| author_facet | Yong-Keun Choi Ranjit Gurav Hyung Joo Kim Yung-Hun Yang Shashi Kant Bhatia |
| author_sort | Yong-Keun Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid development in the printing and dying industry produces large amounts of wastewater, and its discharge in the environment causes pollution. Keeping in view the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of various dyes, it is important to treat dyed wastewater. Maple leaf biochars were produced at different pyrolysis temperatures, i.e., 350 °C, 550 °C, and 750 °C, characterized for physicochemical properties and used for the removal of cationic (methylene blue (MB)) and anionic dye (congo red (CR)). Response surface methodology (RSM) using three variables, i.e., pH (4, 7, and 10), pyrolysis temperature (350 °C, 550 °C, and 750 °C), and adsorption temperature (20 °C, 30 °C, and 40 °C), was designed to find the optimum condition for dyes removal. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed an increase in CaCO<sub>3</sub> crystallinity and a decrease in MgCO<sub>3</sub> crystallinity with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. RSM design results showed that maple biochar showed maximum adsorption capacity for cationic dye at higher pH (9–10) and for anionic dye at pH 4-6, respectively. Under the selected condition of pH 7 and an adsorption temperature of 30 °C, biochar MB550 was able to remove MB and CR by 68% and 74%, respectively, from dye mixtures. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that MB550 was able to remove both dyes simultaneously from the aqueous mixtures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:14:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3be48fa3a42f43d69d7d85ec72c41fc0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:14:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3be48fa3a42f43d69d7d85ec72c41fc02023-11-19T22:40:22ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-04-01109298210.3390/app10092982Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface MethodologyYong-Keun Choi0Ranjit Gurav1Hyung Joo Kim2Yung-Hun Yang3Shashi Kant Bhatia4Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaDepartment of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, KoreaRapid development in the printing and dying industry produces large amounts of wastewater, and its discharge in the environment causes pollution. Keeping in view the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of various dyes, it is important to treat dyed wastewater. Maple leaf biochars were produced at different pyrolysis temperatures, i.e., 350 °C, 550 °C, and 750 °C, characterized for physicochemical properties and used for the removal of cationic (methylene blue (MB)) and anionic dye (congo red (CR)). Response surface methodology (RSM) using three variables, i.e., pH (4, 7, and 10), pyrolysis temperature (350 °C, 550 °C, and 750 °C), and adsorption temperature (20 °C, 30 °C, and 40 °C), was designed to find the optimum condition for dyes removal. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed an increase in CaCO<sub>3</sub> crystallinity and a decrease in MgCO<sub>3</sub> crystallinity with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. RSM design results showed that maple biochar showed maximum adsorption capacity for cationic dye at higher pH (9–10) and for anionic dye at pH 4-6, respectively. Under the selected condition of pH 7 and an adsorption temperature of 30 °C, biochar MB550 was able to remove MB and CR by 68% and 74%, respectively, from dye mixtures. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that MB550 was able to remove both dyes simultaneously from the aqueous mixtures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/9/2982biocharmethylene bluecongo redresponse surface methodologymaple leaf |
| spellingShingle | Yong-Keun Choi Ranjit Gurav Hyung Joo Kim Yung-Hun Yang Shashi Kant Bhatia Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology Applied Sciences biochar methylene blue congo red response surface methodology maple leaf |
| title | Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full | Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_short | Evaluation for Simultaneous Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes onto Maple Leaf-Derived Biochar Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_sort | evaluation for simultaneous removal of anionic and cationic dyes onto maple leaf derived biochar using response surface methodology |
| topic | biochar methylene blue congo red response surface methodology maple leaf |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/9/2982 |
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