Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is inherently low in protein content, Zn and Fe. Boost yield gains have unwittingly reduced grain Zn and Fe, which has had negative impacts on human health. The aim of this study was to understand the inheritance of grain yield per plant and grain Fe, Zn, and protein con...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-03-01
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| author | Gita R. Chaudhari D. A. Patel D. J. Parmar K. C. Patel Sushil Kumar |
| author_facet | Gita R. Chaudhari D. A. Patel D. J. Parmar K. C. Patel Sushil Kumar |
| author_sort | Gita R. Chaudhari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is inherently low in protein content, Zn and Fe. Boost yield gains have unwittingly reduced grain Zn and Fe, which has had negative impacts on human health. The aim of this study was to understand the inheritance of grain yield per plant and grain Fe, Zn, and protein concentrations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and late sown conditions. Half diallel crosses were performed using 10 parents. The crosses and parents were evaluated in replicated trials for the two conditions, to assess the possibility of exploiting heterosis to improve micronutrient contents. The per se performance, heterosis, combining ability, and genetic components were estimated for different characters in both environments. The results revealed that hybrid GW 451 × GW 173 exhibited better parent heterosis (BPH) and standard heterotic effects (SH) in all environments. In both sowing conditions, the general combining ability (GCA) effects of poor × poor parents also showed high specific combining ability (SCA) effects of hybrids for both the micronutrients and protein contents. However, σ2A/σ2D greater than unity confirmed the preponderance of additive gene action for protein content, and GW 173 was identified as a good general combiner for these characteristics under both environments. SCA had positive significant (P < 0.001) correlations with BPH, SH1, SH2, and the phenotype for yield component traits and grain protein, Fe, and Zn concentrations in both conditions. A supplementary approach for biofortifying wheat grainis required to prevent malnutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:11:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3beb40eeb9014048b685b4648a720704 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:11:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-3beb40eeb9014048b685b4648a7207042023-12-03T14:00:00ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-03-0111e1497110.7717/peerj.14971Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditionsGita R. Chaudhari0D. A. Patel1D. J. Parmar2K. C. Patel3Sushil Kumar4Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, BACA, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Genetics & Plant Breeding, BACA, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Statistics, BACA, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, IndiaMicronutrient Research Centre (ICAR), BACA, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, IndiaWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is inherently low in protein content, Zn and Fe. Boost yield gains have unwittingly reduced grain Zn and Fe, which has had negative impacts on human health. The aim of this study was to understand the inheritance of grain yield per plant and grain Fe, Zn, and protein concentrations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and late sown conditions. Half diallel crosses were performed using 10 parents. The crosses and parents were evaluated in replicated trials for the two conditions, to assess the possibility of exploiting heterosis to improve micronutrient contents. The per se performance, heterosis, combining ability, and genetic components were estimated for different characters in both environments. The results revealed that hybrid GW 451 × GW 173 exhibited better parent heterosis (BPH) and standard heterotic effects (SH) in all environments. In both sowing conditions, the general combining ability (GCA) effects of poor × poor parents also showed high specific combining ability (SCA) effects of hybrids for both the micronutrients and protein contents. However, σ2A/σ2D greater than unity confirmed the preponderance of additive gene action for protein content, and GW 173 was identified as a good general combiner for these characteristics under both environments. SCA had positive significant (P < 0.001) correlations with BPH, SH1, SH2, and the phenotype for yield component traits and grain protein, Fe, and Zn concentrations in both conditions. A supplementary approach for biofortifying wheat grainis required to prevent malnutrition.https://peerj.com/articles/14971.pdfBiofortificationHeterosisCombining abilityGene actionEnvironments |
| spellingShingle | Gita R. Chaudhari D. A. Patel D. J. Parmar K. C. Patel Sushil Kumar Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions PeerJ Biofortification Heterosis Combining ability Gene action Environments |
| title | Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| title_full | Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| title_fullStr | Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| title_short | Combining ability, heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of Fe, Zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| title_sort | combining ability heterosis and performance of grain yield and content of fe zn and protein in bread wheat under normal and late sowing conditions |
| topic | Biofortification Heterosis Combining ability Gene action Environments |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/14971.pdf |
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