Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent
Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most deadly vector-borne parasitic disease. A recent epidemic in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) caused up to 80% of global VL and over 30,000 deaths per year. Resistance against antimonial drugs has probably been a contributing factor...
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2016-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/12613 |
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| author | Hideo Imamura Tim Downing Frederik Van den Broeck Mandy J Sanders Suman Rijal Shyam Sundar An Mannaert Manu Vanaerschot Maya Berg Géraldine De Muylder Franck Dumetz Bart Cuypers Ilse Maes Malgorzata Domagalska Saskia Decuypere Keshav Rai Surendra Uranw Narayan Raj Bhattarai Basudha Khanal Vijay Kumar Prajapati Smriti Sharma Olivia Stark Gabriele Schönian Harry P De Koning Luca Settimo Benoit Vanhollebeke Syamal Roy Bart Ostyn Marleen Boelaert Louis Maes Matthew Berriman Jean-Claude Dujardin James A Cotton |
| author_facet | Hideo Imamura Tim Downing Frederik Van den Broeck Mandy J Sanders Suman Rijal Shyam Sundar An Mannaert Manu Vanaerschot Maya Berg Géraldine De Muylder Franck Dumetz Bart Cuypers Ilse Maes Malgorzata Domagalska Saskia Decuypere Keshav Rai Surendra Uranw Narayan Raj Bhattarai Basudha Khanal Vijay Kumar Prajapati Smriti Sharma Olivia Stark Gabriele Schönian Harry P De Koning Luca Settimo Benoit Vanhollebeke Syamal Roy Bart Ostyn Marleen Boelaert Louis Maes Matthew Berriman Jean-Claude Dujardin James A Cotton |
| author_sort | Hideo Imamura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most deadly vector-borne parasitic disease. A recent epidemic in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) caused up to 80% of global VL and over 30,000 deaths per year. Resistance against antimonial drugs has probably been a contributing factor in the persistence of this epidemic. Here we use whole genome sequences from 204 clinical isolates to track the evolution and epidemiology of L. donovani from the ISC. We identify independent radiations that have emerged since a bottleneck coincident with 1960s DDT spraying campaigns. A genetically distinct population frequently resistant to antimonials has a two base-pair insertion in the aquaglyceroporin gene LdAQP1 that prevents the transport of trivalent antimonials. We find evidence of genetic exchange between ISC populations, and show that the mutation in LdAQP1 has spread by recombination. Our results reveal the complexity of L. donovani evolution in the ISC in response to drug treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:48:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3bf46ac4e98d432082a2d1782417edae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:48:44Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3bf46ac4e98d432082a2d1782417edae2022-12-22T02:05:15ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2016-03-01510.7554/eLife.12613Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinentHideo Imamura0Tim Downing1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8385-6730Frederik Van den Broeck2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2542-5585Mandy J Sanders3Suman Rijal4Shyam Sundar5An Mannaert6Manu Vanaerschot7Maya Berg8Géraldine De Muylder9Franck Dumetz10Bart Cuypers11Ilse Maes12Malgorzata Domagalska13Saskia Decuypere14Keshav Rai15https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-3431Surendra Uranw16Narayan Raj Bhattarai17Basudha Khanal18Vijay Kumar Prajapati19Smriti Sharma20Olivia Stark21Gabriele Schönian22Harry P De Koning23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-1827Luca Settimo24Benoit Vanhollebeke25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-365XSyamal Roy26Bart Ostyn27Marleen Boelaert28https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8051-6776Louis Maes29Matthew Berriman30https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-0377Jean-Claude Dujardin31James A Cotton32https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5475-3583Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom; School of Maths, Applied Maths and Statistics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United KingdomBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, AustraliaBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaInstitut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyInstitut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, United StatesLaboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, BelgiumDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, IndiaDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United KingdomDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United KingdomLeishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most deadly vector-borne parasitic disease. A recent epidemic in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) caused up to 80% of global VL and over 30,000 deaths per year. Resistance against antimonial drugs has probably been a contributing factor in the persistence of this epidemic. Here we use whole genome sequences from 204 clinical isolates to track the evolution and epidemiology of L. donovani from the ISC. We identify independent radiations that have emerged since a bottleneck coincident with 1960s DDT spraying campaigns. A genetically distinct population frequently resistant to antimonials has a two base-pair insertion in the aquaglyceroporin gene LdAQP1 that prevents the transport of trivalent antimonials. We find evidence of genetic exchange between ISC populations, and show that the mutation in LdAQP1 has spread by recombination. Our results reveal the complexity of L. donovani evolution in the ISC in response to drug treatment.https://elifesciences.org/articles/12613leishmania donovanigenomicsevolution |
| spellingShingle | Hideo Imamura Tim Downing Frederik Van den Broeck Mandy J Sanders Suman Rijal Shyam Sundar An Mannaert Manu Vanaerschot Maya Berg Géraldine De Muylder Franck Dumetz Bart Cuypers Ilse Maes Malgorzata Domagalska Saskia Decuypere Keshav Rai Surendra Uranw Narayan Raj Bhattarai Basudha Khanal Vijay Kumar Prajapati Smriti Sharma Olivia Stark Gabriele Schönian Harry P De Koning Luca Settimo Benoit Vanhollebeke Syamal Roy Bart Ostyn Marleen Boelaert Louis Maes Matthew Berriman Jean-Claude Dujardin James A Cotton Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent eLife leishmania donovani genomics evolution |
| title | Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent |
| title_full | Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent |
| title_short | Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent |
| title_sort | evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the indian subcontinent |
| topic | leishmania donovani genomics evolution |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/12613 |
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