Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant interest in the field of biomedical science due to their potential applications in therapy and diagnosis. These vesicles participate in cell-to-cell communication and carry a diverse range of bioactive cargo molecules, such as nucleic a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Biomarker Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-023-00518-0 |
| _version_ | 1797557520145842176 |
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| author | Islam M. Saadeldin Seif Ehab Jongki Cho |
| author_facet | Islam M. Saadeldin Seif Ehab Jongki Cho |
| author_sort | Islam M. Saadeldin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant interest in the field of biomedical science due to their potential applications in therapy and diagnosis. These vesicles participate in cell-to-cell communication and carry a diverse range of bioactive cargo molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. These cargoes play essential roles in various signaling pathways, including paracrine and endocrine signaling. However, our understanding of the morphological and structural features of EVs is still limited. EVs could be unilamellar or multilamellar or even multicompartmental structures. The relative proportions of these EV subtypes in biological fluids have been associated with various human diseases; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) holds great promise in the field of EV characterization due to high resolution properties. Cryo-EM circumvents artifacts caused by fixation or dehydration, allows for the preservation of native conformation, and eliminates the necessity for staining procedures. In this review, we summarize the role of EVs biogenesis and pathways that might have role on their structure, and the role of cryo-EM in characterization of EVs morphology in different biological samples and integrate new knowledge of the alterations of membranous structures of EVs which could be used as biomarkers to human diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:18:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c1a5ae6bef94212a235493ec2adc8c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-7771 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:18:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomarker Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c1a5ae6bef94212a235493ec2adc8c42023-11-20T10:25:00ZengBMCBiomarker Research2050-77712023-08-0111111310.1186/s40364-023-00518-0Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlationIslam M. Saadeldin0Seif Ehab1Jongki Cho2Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National UniversityBiomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and TechnologyLaboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National UniversityAbstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant interest in the field of biomedical science due to their potential applications in therapy and diagnosis. These vesicles participate in cell-to-cell communication and carry a diverse range of bioactive cargo molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. These cargoes play essential roles in various signaling pathways, including paracrine and endocrine signaling. However, our understanding of the morphological and structural features of EVs is still limited. EVs could be unilamellar or multilamellar or even multicompartmental structures. The relative proportions of these EV subtypes in biological fluids have been associated with various human diseases; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) holds great promise in the field of EV characterization due to high resolution properties. Cryo-EM circumvents artifacts caused by fixation or dehydration, allows for the preservation of native conformation, and eliminates the necessity for staining procedures. In this review, we summarize the role of EVs biogenesis and pathways that might have role on their structure, and the role of cryo-EM in characterization of EVs morphology in different biological samples and integrate new knowledge of the alterations of membranous structures of EVs which could be used as biomarkers to human diseases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-023-00518-0Extracellular vesicles (EVs)Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM)BiomarkersMultilamellarMulticompartmentalVesicular bodies |
| spellingShingle | Islam M. Saadeldin Seif Ehab Jongki Cho Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation Biomarker Research Extracellular vesicles (EVs) Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) Biomarkers Multilamellar Multicompartmental Vesicular bodies |
| title | Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| title_full | Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| title_fullStr | Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| title_short | Relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids: understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| title_sort | relevance of multilamellar and multicompartmental vesicles in biological fluids understanding the significance of proportional variations and disease correlation |
| topic | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) Biomarkers Multilamellar Multicompartmental Vesicular bodies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-023-00518-0 |
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