Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
IntroductionMultimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by sex....
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428/full |
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| author | Cristina Camargo Pereira Charlise Fortunato Pedroso Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Rafael Alves Guimarães Rafael Alves Guimarães |
| author_facet | Cristina Camargo Pereira Charlise Fortunato Pedroso Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Rafael Alves Guimarães Rafael Alves Guimarães |
| author_sort | Cristina Camargo Pereira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionMultimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by sex. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with multimorbidity in Brazilian adults according to sex.MethodsCross-sectional population-based household survey carried out with Brazilian adults aged 18 years or older. The sampling strategy consisted of a three-stage conglomerate plan. The three stages were performed through simple random sampling. Data were collected through individual interviews. Multimorbidity was classified based on a list of 14 self-reported chronic diseases/conditions. Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the magnitude of the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with the prevalence of multimorbidity stratified by sex.ResultsA total of 88,531 individuals were included. In absolute terms, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 29.4%. The frequency in men and women was 22.7 and 35.4%, respectively. Overall, multimorbidity was more prevalent among women, the older people, residents of the South and Southeast regions, urban area residents, former smokers, current smokers, physically inactive, overweight, and obese adults. Individuals with complete high school/incomplete higher education had a lower prevalence of multimorbidity than those with higher educational level. The associations between education and multimorbidity differed between sexes. In men, multimorbidity was inversely associated with the strata of complete middle school/incomplete high school and complete high school/incomplete higher education, while in women, the association between these variables was not observed. Physical inactivity was positively associated with a higher prevalence of multimorbidity only in men. An inverse association was verified between the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption and multimorbidity for the total sample and both sexes.ConclusionOne in four adults had multimorbidity. Prevalence increased with increasing age, among women, and was associated with some lifestyles. Multimorbidity was significantly associated with educational level and physical inactivity only in men. The results suggest the need to adopt integrated strategies to reduce the magnitude of multimorbidity, specific by gender, including actions for health promotion, disease prevention, health surveillance and comprehensive health care in Brazil. |
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| id | doaj.art-3c1e4be8d2a541afa7eb1a34c42af20c |
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| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3c1e4be8d2a541afa7eb1a34c42af20c2023-06-05T13:29:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652023-06-011110.3389/fpubh.2023.11934281193428Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional surveyCristina Camargo Pereira0Charlise Fortunato Pedroso1Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista2Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista3Rafael Alves Guimarães4Rafael Alves Guimarães5Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BrazilInstitute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BrazilDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BrazilFederal District Health Department, Brasília, BrazilInstitute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BrazilFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BrazilIntroductionMultimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by sex. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with multimorbidity in Brazilian adults according to sex.MethodsCross-sectional population-based household survey carried out with Brazilian adults aged 18 years or older. The sampling strategy consisted of a three-stage conglomerate plan. The three stages were performed through simple random sampling. Data were collected through individual interviews. Multimorbidity was classified based on a list of 14 self-reported chronic diseases/conditions. Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the magnitude of the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with the prevalence of multimorbidity stratified by sex.ResultsA total of 88,531 individuals were included. In absolute terms, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 29.4%. The frequency in men and women was 22.7 and 35.4%, respectively. Overall, multimorbidity was more prevalent among women, the older people, residents of the South and Southeast regions, urban area residents, former smokers, current smokers, physically inactive, overweight, and obese adults. Individuals with complete high school/incomplete higher education had a lower prevalence of multimorbidity than those with higher educational level. The associations between education and multimorbidity differed between sexes. In men, multimorbidity was inversely associated with the strata of complete middle school/incomplete high school and complete high school/incomplete higher education, while in women, the association between these variables was not observed. Physical inactivity was positively associated with a higher prevalence of multimorbidity only in men. An inverse association was verified between the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption and multimorbidity for the total sample and both sexes.ConclusionOne in four adults had multimorbidity. Prevalence increased with increasing age, among women, and was associated with some lifestyles. Multimorbidity was significantly associated with educational level and physical inactivity only in men. The results suggest the need to adopt integrated strategies to reduce the magnitude of multimorbidity, specific by gender, including actions for health promotion, disease prevention, health surveillance and comprehensive health care in Brazil.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428/fullmultimorbiditymultiple chronic conditionschronic diseaserisk factorspublic health |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Camargo Pereira Charlise Fortunato Pedroso Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista Rafael Alves Guimarães Rafael Alves Guimarães Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey Frontiers in Public Health multimorbidity multiple chronic conditions chronic disease risk factors public health |
| title | Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey |
| title_full | Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey |
| title_short | Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey |
| title_sort | prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in brazil according to sex a population based cross sectional survey |
| topic | multimorbidity multiple chronic conditions chronic disease risk factors public health |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428/full |
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