Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications
We report the structural organization and its effect on the current response of the conducting domains in MPcs (M = Cu, Co, Zn) films, deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation and doped by the presence of iodine vapors. Structural and surface features of the doped metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) were s...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| author | Leon Hamui Maria Elena Sánchez-Vergara Betsabé Calatayud-Valdespino Roberto Salcedo |
| author_facet | Leon Hamui Maria Elena Sánchez-Vergara Betsabé Calatayud-Valdespino Roberto Salcedo |
| author_sort | Leon Hamui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report the structural organization and its effect on the current response of the conducting domains in MPcs (M = Cu, Co, Zn) films, deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation and doped by the presence of iodine vapors. Structural and surface features of the doped metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) were studied by using IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). DFT calculations were carried to study the interaction between iodine and MPcs molecules and establish the influence of iodine on the electronic behavior of these species and the changes on the frontier molecular orbitals. This interaction is thermodynamically favored, and the mechanism of electronic transit involving the iodine atoms providing electrons to the transfer. The I-MPc films have a mainly amorphous structure, some crystallinity in the MPcs α and β forms. A roughness between 18.41 and 99.02 nm and particle size between 1.35 and 15 μm. By evaluating the electrical behavior of the flexible PET/ITO/I-MPc/Ag devices, it was found that J-V curves under illuminated conditions show an increase of curves values upon the I-MPc, indicating that the flexible films are photosensible. J<sub>sc</sub> between 1.59 × 10<sup>−5</sup> and 2.41 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>, conductivities between 6.17 × 10<sup>−8</sup>–2.54 × 10<sup>−7</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> and photosensibility values of up to 133%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:34:42Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:34:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c62642f5b6b4eda85135f8626d8ba422023-12-03T13:29:48ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522022-07-01128103710.3390/cryst12081037Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic ApplicationsLeon Hamui0Maria Elena Sánchez-Vergara1Betsabé Calatayud-Valdespino2Roberto Salcedo3Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac Mexico, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac Mexico, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac Mexico, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, MexicoInstituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior s/n. C.U., Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, MexicoWe report the structural organization and its effect on the current response of the conducting domains in MPcs (M = Cu, Co, Zn) films, deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation and doped by the presence of iodine vapors. Structural and surface features of the doped metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) were studied by using IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). DFT calculations were carried to study the interaction between iodine and MPcs molecules and establish the influence of iodine on the electronic behavior of these species and the changes on the frontier molecular orbitals. This interaction is thermodynamically favored, and the mechanism of electronic transit involving the iodine atoms providing electrons to the transfer. The I-MPc films have a mainly amorphous structure, some crystallinity in the MPcs α and β forms. A roughness between 18.41 and 99.02 nm and particle size between 1.35 and 15 μm. By evaluating the electrical behavior of the flexible PET/ITO/I-MPc/Ag devices, it was found that J-V curves under illuminated conditions show an increase of curves values upon the I-MPc, indicating that the flexible films are photosensible. J<sub>sc</sub> between 1.59 × 10<sup>−5</sup> and 2.41 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>, conductivities between 6.17 × 10<sup>−8</sup>–2.54 × 10<sup>−7</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> and photosensibility values of up to 133%.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/8/1037gaseous dopantDft calculationssemiconductor filmelectrical propertiesphotovoltaic properties |
| spellingShingle | Leon Hamui Maria Elena Sánchez-Vergara Betsabé Calatayud-Valdespino Roberto Salcedo Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications Crystals gaseous dopant Dft calculations semiconductor film electrical properties photovoltaic properties |
| title | Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications |
| title_full | Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications |
| title_fullStr | Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications |
| title_short | Iodine Doping Implementation Effect on the Electrical Response in Metallophthalocyanines (M = Cu, Co, Zn), for Electronic and Photovoltaic Applications |
| title_sort | iodine doping implementation effect on the electrical response in metallophthalocyanines m cu co zn for electronic and photovoltaic applications |
| topic | gaseous dopant Dft calculations semiconductor film electrical properties photovoltaic properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/8/1037 |
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