Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer
Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which serve as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, may be viable treatment targets. TLRs are the first line of defense against microbes and activate signaling cascades that induce immune and inflammatory responses. Patients with “hot” versus “cold” tum...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | npj Precision Oncology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-023-00364-1 |
| _version_ | 1797429476787748864 |
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| author | Christian Rolfo Elisa Giovannetti Pablo Martinez Shannon McCue Aung Naing |
| author_facet | Christian Rolfo Elisa Giovannetti Pablo Martinez Shannon McCue Aung Naing |
| author_sort | Christian Rolfo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which serve as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, may be viable treatment targets. TLRs are the first line of defense against microbes and activate signaling cascades that induce immune and inflammatory responses. Patients with “hot” versus “cold” tumors may respond more favorably to immune checkpoint inhibition, and through their downstream effects, TLR agonists have the potential to convert “cold tumors” into “hot tumors” making TLRs in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, potential targets for cancer therapies. Imiquimod is a topical TLR7 agonist, approved by the FDA for antiviral and skin cancer treatments. Other TLR adjuvants are used in several vaccines including Nu Thrax, Heplisav, T-VEC, and Cervarix. Many TLR agonists are currently in development as both monotherapy and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we describe the TLR agonists that are being evaluated clinically as new therapies for solid tumors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:13:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c627ad5b5794403808ad9fa8da3190d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2397-768X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:13:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Precision Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c627ad5b5794403808ad9fa8da3190d2023-12-02T07:48:05ZengNature Portfolionpj Precision Oncology2397-768X2023-03-017111110.1038/s41698-023-00364-1Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancerChristian Rolfo0Elisa Giovannetti1Pablo Martinez2Shannon McCue3Aung Naing4Center for Thoracic Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health SystemDepartment of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical CenterSumitomo Pharma Oncology, IncSumitomo Pharma Oncology, IncDepartment of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterAbstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which serve as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, may be viable treatment targets. TLRs are the first line of defense against microbes and activate signaling cascades that induce immune and inflammatory responses. Patients with “hot” versus “cold” tumors may respond more favorably to immune checkpoint inhibition, and through their downstream effects, TLR agonists have the potential to convert “cold tumors” into “hot tumors” making TLRs in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, potential targets for cancer therapies. Imiquimod is a topical TLR7 agonist, approved by the FDA for antiviral and skin cancer treatments. Other TLR adjuvants are used in several vaccines including Nu Thrax, Heplisav, T-VEC, and Cervarix. Many TLR agonists are currently in development as both monotherapy and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we describe the TLR agonists that are being evaluated clinically as new therapies for solid tumors.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-023-00364-1 |
| spellingShingle | Christian Rolfo Elisa Giovannetti Pablo Martinez Shannon McCue Aung Naing Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer npj Precision Oncology |
| title | Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| title_full | Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| title_fullStr | Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| title_short | Applications and clinical trial landscape using Toll-like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| title_sort | applications and clinical trial landscape using toll like receptor agonists to reduce the toll of cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-023-00364-1 |
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