Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications
Polyphosphazenes are a class of experimental adjuvants that have shown great versatility as vaccine adjuvants in many animal species ranging from laboratory rodents to large animal species. Their adjuvant activity has shown promising results with numerous viral and bacterial antigens, as well as wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.625482/full |
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| author | Dylan J. Chand Dylan J. Chand Royford B. Magiri Royford B. Magiri Heather L. Wilson Heather L. Wilson George K. Mutwiri George K. Mutwiri |
| author_facet | Dylan J. Chand Dylan J. Chand Royford B. Magiri Royford B. Magiri Heather L. Wilson Heather L. Wilson George K. Mutwiri George K. Mutwiri |
| author_sort | Dylan J. Chand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyphosphazenes are a class of experimental adjuvants that have shown great versatility as vaccine adjuvants in many animal species ranging from laboratory rodents to large animal species. Their adjuvant activity has shown promising results with numerous viral and bacterial antigens, as well as with crude and purified antigens. Vaccines adjuvanted with polyphosphazenes can be delivered via systemic and mucosal administration including respiratory, oral, rectal, and intravaginal routes. Polyphosphazenes can be used in combination with other adjuvants, further enhancing immune responses to antigens. The mechanisms of action of polyphosphazenes have not fully been defined, but several systematic studies have suggested that they act primarily by activating innate immunity. In the present review, we will highlight progress in the development of polyphosphazenes as adjuvants in animals and their other medical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:06:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c7398bae212449cb73666d85e5f670e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-4185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:06:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c7398bae212449cb73666d85e5f670e2022-12-21T22:27:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852021-03-01910.3389/fbioe.2021.625482625482Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical ApplicationsDylan J. Chand0Dylan J. Chand1Royford B. Magiri2Royford B. Magiri3Heather L. Wilson4Heather L. Wilson5George K. Mutwiri6George K. Mutwiri7Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutic Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaVaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutic Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaCollege of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Nausori, FijiVaccinology & Immunotherapeutic Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaVaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaVaccinology & Immunotherapeutic Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaVaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaPolyphosphazenes are a class of experimental adjuvants that have shown great versatility as vaccine adjuvants in many animal species ranging from laboratory rodents to large animal species. Their adjuvant activity has shown promising results with numerous viral and bacterial antigens, as well as with crude and purified antigens. Vaccines adjuvanted with polyphosphazenes can be delivered via systemic and mucosal administration including respiratory, oral, rectal, and intravaginal routes. Polyphosphazenes can be used in combination with other adjuvants, further enhancing immune responses to antigens. The mechanisms of action of polyphosphazenes have not fully been defined, but several systematic studies have suggested that they act primarily by activating innate immunity. In the present review, we will highlight progress in the development of polyphosphazenes as adjuvants in animals and their other medical applications.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.625482/fulladjuvantspolyphosphazenesvaccinesimmunityanimalsviruses |
| spellingShingle | Dylan J. Chand Dylan J. Chand Royford B. Magiri Royford B. Magiri Heather L. Wilson Heather L. Wilson George K. Mutwiri George K. Mutwiri Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology adjuvants polyphosphazenes vaccines immunity animals viruses |
| title | Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications |
| title_full | Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications |
| title_short | Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Animal Vaccines and Other Medical Applications |
| title_sort | polyphosphazenes as adjuvants for animal vaccines and other medical applications |
| topic | adjuvants polyphosphazenes vaccines immunity animals viruses |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.625482/full |
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