Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore
Abstract Harvest can disrupt wildlife populations by removing adults with naturally high survival. This can reshape sociospatial structure, genetic composition, fitness, and potentially affect evolution. Genetic tools can detect changes in local, fine‐scale genetic structure (FGS) and assess the int...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13178 |
| _version_ | 1831746905993904128 |
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| author | Shane C. Frank Fanie Pelletier Alexander Kopatz Audrey Bourret Dany Garant Jon E. Swenson Hans Geir Eiken Snorre B. Hagen Andreas Zedrosser |
| author_facet | Shane C. Frank Fanie Pelletier Alexander Kopatz Audrey Bourret Dany Garant Jon E. Swenson Hans Geir Eiken Snorre B. Hagen Andreas Zedrosser |
| author_sort | Shane C. Frank |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Harvest can disrupt wildlife populations by removing adults with naturally high survival. This can reshape sociospatial structure, genetic composition, fitness, and potentially affect evolution. Genetic tools can detect changes in local, fine‐scale genetic structure (FGS) and assess the interplay between harvest‐caused social and FGS in populations. We used data on 1614 brown bears, Ursus arctos, genotyped with 16 microsatellites, to investigate whether harvest intensity (mean low: 0.13 from 1990 to 2005, mean high: 0.28 from 2006 to 2011) caused changes in FGS among matrilines (8 matrilines; 109 females ≥4 years of age), sex‐specific survival and putative dispersal distances, female spatial genetic autocorrelation, matriline persistence, and male mating patterns. Increased harvest decreased FGS of matrilines. Female dispersal distances decreased, and male reproductive success was redistributed more evenly. Adult males had lower survival during high harvest, suggesting that higher male turnover caused this redistribution and helped explain decreased structure among matrilines, despite shorter female dispersal distances. Adult female survival and survival probability of both mother and daughter were lower during high harvest, indicating that matriline persistence was also lower. Our findings indicate a crucial role of regulated harvest in shaping populations, decreasing differences among “groups,” even for solitary‐living species, and potentially altering the evolutionary trajectory of wild populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T21:23:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c8c5de3453a43138324785af7fd05da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T21:23:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c8c5de3453a43138324785af7fd05da2022-12-21T18:49:50ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712021-04-011441023103510.1111/eva.13178Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivoreShane C. Frank0Fanie Pelletier1Alexander Kopatz2Audrey Bourret3Dany Garant4Jon E. Swenson5Hans Geir Eiken6Snorre B. Hagen7Andreas Zedrosser8Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health University of South‐Eastern Norway Telemark NorwayDépartement de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC CanadaNorwegian Institute for Nature Research Trondheim NorwayDépartement de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC CanadaDépartement de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC CanadaFaculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Svanvik NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Svanvik NorwayDepartment of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health University of South‐Eastern Norway Telemark NorwayAbstract Harvest can disrupt wildlife populations by removing adults with naturally high survival. This can reshape sociospatial structure, genetic composition, fitness, and potentially affect evolution. Genetic tools can detect changes in local, fine‐scale genetic structure (FGS) and assess the interplay between harvest‐caused social and FGS in populations. We used data on 1614 brown bears, Ursus arctos, genotyped with 16 microsatellites, to investigate whether harvest intensity (mean low: 0.13 from 1990 to 2005, mean high: 0.28 from 2006 to 2011) caused changes in FGS among matrilines (8 matrilines; 109 females ≥4 years of age), sex‐specific survival and putative dispersal distances, female spatial genetic autocorrelation, matriline persistence, and male mating patterns. Increased harvest decreased FGS of matrilines. Female dispersal distances decreased, and male reproductive success was redistributed more evenly. Adult males had lower survival during high harvest, suggesting that higher male turnover caused this redistribution and helped explain decreased structure among matrilines, despite shorter female dispersal distances. Adult female survival and survival probability of both mother and daughter were lower during high harvest, indicating that matriline persistence was also lower. Our findings indicate a crucial role of regulated harvest in shaping populations, decreasing differences among “groups,” even for solitary‐living species, and potentially altering the evolutionary trajectory of wild populations.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13178anthropogenicdispersalhuntingmale matingmaternalpredator |
| spellingShingle | Shane C. Frank Fanie Pelletier Alexander Kopatz Audrey Bourret Dany Garant Jon E. Swenson Hans Geir Eiken Snorre B. Hagen Andreas Zedrosser Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore Evolutionary Applications anthropogenic dispersal hunting male mating maternal predator |
| title | Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| title_full | Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| title_fullStr | Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| title_full_unstemmed | Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| title_short | Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine‐scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| title_sort | harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore |
| topic | anthropogenic dispersal hunting male mating maternal predator |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13178 |
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