Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation
Abstract Dazomet is a dry powder formulation that releases toxic gas containing methyl isothiocyanate, which controls soil-borne pests and weeds, improving crop yields when applied to moist soils. To explore the efficacy of dazomet fumigation in the cultivation of the perennial herb Codonopsis pilos...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56093-3 |
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| author | Hongyan Wang Yuan Chen Fengxia Guo Pengbin Dong Wei Liang Jiali Cheng |
| author_facet | Hongyan Wang Yuan Chen Fengxia Guo Pengbin Dong Wei Liang Jiali Cheng |
| author_sort | Hongyan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Dazomet is a dry powder formulation that releases toxic gas containing methyl isothiocyanate, which controls soil-borne pests and weeds, improving crop yields when applied to moist soils. To explore the efficacy of dazomet fumigation in the cultivation of the perennial herb Codonopsis pilosula, four typical cultivars (G1, G2, W1 and TCK) in Gansu Province were selected for seedling cultivation after soil fumigation (F) by dazomet, and non-fumigated soil was used as a control (CK). The experiments took 2 years to complete. The functional diversity of the soil enzymes and microorganisms, seedling emergence and physiological characteristics, and the quality and yield of Codonopsis seedlings and Radix were assessed. The results showed that the seed emergence rate, seedling re-green rate and several antioxidant enzymatic activities improved in the treatments involving soil fumigation with dazomet, and membrane lipid peroxidation in the seedlings decreased. On average, compared with those of the respective controls, the root viability and yield of the seedlings of the tested cultivars also increased by 34.87% and 42.4%, respectively, and the incidence of root rot in the seedlings was reduced by 83.9%, compared with their respective controls. After harvest, the yield increased by 23.9%, the incidence of root rot decreased by 61.3%, increase in yield and a 61.3% reduction in incidence, and the medicinal materials were determined to be safe and residue-free. The effects of fumigation were cultivar-specific and were especially prominent in G2. Therefore, soil fumigation with dazomet could improve the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings. Taken together, these findings suggest that when herbs are bred by seedling transplantation, especially cultivars of good quality but poor resistance or species with rare germplasm resources, soil fumigation provides a way to improve cultivation effectiveness and, more importantly, ensures the probability of successfully breeding the species. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:07:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3c91431fe68145c2b37babb02340f2582024-03-05T18:51:13ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-03-0114111410.1038/s41598-024-56093-3Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigationHongyan Wang0Yuan Chen1Fengxia Guo2Pengbin Dong3Wei Liang4Jiali Cheng5College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityAbstract Dazomet is a dry powder formulation that releases toxic gas containing methyl isothiocyanate, which controls soil-borne pests and weeds, improving crop yields when applied to moist soils. To explore the efficacy of dazomet fumigation in the cultivation of the perennial herb Codonopsis pilosula, four typical cultivars (G1, G2, W1 and TCK) in Gansu Province were selected for seedling cultivation after soil fumigation (F) by dazomet, and non-fumigated soil was used as a control (CK). The experiments took 2 years to complete. The functional diversity of the soil enzymes and microorganisms, seedling emergence and physiological characteristics, and the quality and yield of Codonopsis seedlings and Radix were assessed. The results showed that the seed emergence rate, seedling re-green rate and several antioxidant enzymatic activities improved in the treatments involving soil fumigation with dazomet, and membrane lipid peroxidation in the seedlings decreased. On average, compared with those of the respective controls, the root viability and yield of the seedlings of the tested cultivars also increased by 34.87% and 42.4%, respectively, and the incidence of root rot in the seedlings was reduced by 83.9%, compared with their respective controls. After harvest, the yield increased by 23.9%, the incidence of root rot decreased by 61.3%, increase in yield and a 61.3% reduction in incidence, and the medicinal materials were determined to be safe and residue-free. The effects of fumigation were cultivar-specific and were especially prominent in G2. Therefore, soil fumigation with dazomet could improve the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings. Taken together, these findings suggest that when herbs are bred by seedling transplantation, especially cultivars of good quality but poor resistance or species with rare germplasm resources, soil fumigation provides a way to improve cultivation effectiveness and, more importantly, ensures the probability of successfully breeding the species.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56093-3Codonopsis pilosulaDazometQualitySeedlingsYield |
| spellingShingle | Hongyan Wang Yuan Chen Fengxia Guo Pengbin Dong Wei Liang Jiali Cheng Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation Scientific Reports Codonopsis pilosula Dazomet Quality Seedlings Yield |
| title | Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| title_full | Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| title_fullStr | Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| title_short | Improvement in the quality and productivity of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| title_sort | improvement in the quality and productivity of codonopsis pilosula seedlings by dazomet soil fumigation |
| topic | Codonopsis pilosula Dazomet Quality Seedlings Yield |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56093-3 |
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