Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study
Heavy metal pollution is one of the major agronomic challenges. Tungsten (W) exposure leads to its accumulation in plants, which in turn reduces plant growth, inhibits photosynthesis and induces oxidative damage. In addition, the predicted increase in CO<sub>2</sub> could boost plant gro...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1924 |
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| author | Emad A. Alsherif Dina Hajjar Hamada AbdElgawad |
| author_facet | Emad A. Alsherif Dina Hajjar Hamada AbdElgawad |
| author_sort | Emad A. Alsherif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heavy metal pollution is one of the major agronomic challenges. Tungsten (W) exposure leads to its accumulation in plants, which in turn reduces plant growth, inhibits photosynthesis and induces oxidative damage. In addition, the predicted increase in CO<sub>2</sub> could boost plant growth under both optimal and heavy metal stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of W on growth, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative stress and redox status in rye plants under ambient and elevated (eCO<sub>2</sub>) levels. To this end, rye plants were grown under the following conditions: ambient CO<sub>2</sub> (aCO<sub>2</sub>, 420 ppm), elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>, 720 ppm), W stress (350 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> soil) and W+eCO<sub>2</sub>. W stress induced significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreases in growth and photosynthesis, increases in oxidative damages (lipid peroxidation) and the antioxidant defense system, i.e., ascorbate (ASC), reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH reductase (GR), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ASC peroxide (APX) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR). On the other hand, eCO<sub>2</sub> decreased W uptake and improved photosynthesis, which sequentially improved plant growth. The obtained results showed that eCO<sub>2</sub> can decrease the phytotoxicity risks of W in rye plants. This positive impact of eCO<sub>2</sub> on reducing the negative effects of soil W was related to their ability to enhance plant photosynthesis, which in turn provided energy and a carbon source for scavenging the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation caused by soil W stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:13Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c94c433334043e4a982d4a58ba5ebe12023-11-18T02:55:08ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-05-011210192410.3390/plants12101924Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical StudyEmad A. Alsherif0Dina Hajjar1Hamada AbdElgawad2Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaIntegrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, BelgiumHeavy metal pollution is one of the major agronomic challenges. Tungsten (W) exposure leads to its accumulation in plants, which in turn reduces plant growth, inhibits photosynthesis and induces oxidative damage. In addition, the predicted increase in CO<sub>2</sub> could boost plant growth under both optimal and heavy metal stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of W on growth, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative stress and redox status in rye plants under ambient and elevated (eCO<sub>2</sub>) levels. To this end, rye plants were grown under the following conditions: ambient CO<sub>2</sub> (aCO<sub>2</sub>, 420 ppm), elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>, 720 ppm), W stress (350 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> soil) and W+eCO<sub>2</sub>. W stress induced significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreases in growth and photosynthesis, increases in oxidative damages (lipid peroxidation) and the antioxidant defense system, i.e., ascorbate (ASC), reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH reductase (GR), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ASC peroxide (APX) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR). On the other hand, eCO<sub>2</sub> decreased W uptake and improved photosynthesis, which sequentially improved plant growth. The obtained results showed that eCO<sub>2</sub> can decrease the phytotoxicity risks of W in rye plants. This positive impact of eCO<sub>2</sub> on reducing the negative effects of soil W was related to their ability to enhance plant photosynthesis, which in turn provided energy and a carbon source for scavenging the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation caused by soil W stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1924climate changeantioxidanttocopherolphytochelatinsredox statustungsten |
| spellingShingle | Emad A. Alsherif Dina Hajjar Hamada AbdElgawad Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study Plants climate change antioxidant tocopherol phytochelatins redox status tungsten |
| title | Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study |
| title_full | Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study |
| title_fullStr | Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study |
| title_short | Future Climate CO<sub>2</sub> Reduces the Tungsten Effect in Rye Plants: A Growth and Biochemical Study |
| title_sort | future climate co sub 2 sub reduces the tungsten effect in rye plants a growth and biochemical study |
| topic | climate change antioxidant tocopherol phytochelatins redox status tungsten |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1924 |
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