Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia
The improvement of pea as a crop over many decades has been employing the use of mutants. Several hundreds of different mutations are known in pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> subsp. <i>sativum</i>), some of which are valuable for breeding. Breeding strategies may be diverse in diff...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/544 |
| _version_ | 1797473346509602816 |
|---|---|
| author | Andrey Sinjushin Elena Semenova Margarita Vishnyakova |
| author_facet | Andrey Sinjushin Elena Semenova Margarita Vishnyakova |
| author_sort | Andrey Sinjushin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The improvement of pea as a crop over many decades has been employing the use of mutants. Several hundreds of different mutations are known in pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> subsp. <i>sativum</i>), some of which are valuable for breeding. Breeding strategies may be diverse in different countries depending on different obstacles. In Russia, numerous spontaneous and induced mutations have been implemented in breeding. To our knowledge some of these, are not used in pea breeding beyond Russia. This review describes the use of mutations in pea breeding in Russia. The paper provides examples of cultivars created on the basis of mutations affecting the development of seeds (<i>def</i>), inflorescence (<i>det</i>, <i>deh</i>), compound leaves (<i>af</i>, <i>af</i> <i>uni</i><sup>tac</sup>), and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (various alleles of <i>Sym</i> and <i>Nod</i> loci). Novel mutations which are potentially promising for breeding are currently being investigated. Together with numerous cultivars of dry and fodder pea carrying commonly known mutations, new ‘chameleon’ and ‘lupinoid’ morphotypes, both double mutants, are under study. A cultivar Triumph which increases the effectiveness of interactions with beneficial soil microbes, was bred in Russia for the first time in the history of legume breeding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:13:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c952c335f024ae1b0baee8804356ec9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:13:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c952c335f024ae1b0baee8804356ec92023-11-24T00:06:40ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-02-0112354410.3390/agronomy12030544Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in RussiaAndrey Sinjushin0Elena Semenova1Margarita Vishnyakova2Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, 119234 Moscow, RussiaN.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), 190000 St. Petersburg, RussiaN.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), 190000 St. Petersburg, RussiaThe improvement of pea as a crop over many decades has been employing the use of mutants. Several hundreds of different mutations are known in pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> subsp. <i>sativum</i>), some of which are valuable for breeding. Breeding strategies may be diverse in different countries depending on different obstacles. In Russia, numerous spontaneous and induced mutations have been implemented in breeding. To our knowledge some of these, are not used in pea breeding beyond Russia. This review describes the use of mutations in pea breeding in Russia. The paper provides examples of cultivars created on the basis of mutations affecting the development of seeds (<i>def</i>), inflorescence (<i>det</i>, <i>deh</i>), compound leaves (<i>af</i>, <i>af</i> <i>uni</i><sup>tac</sup>), and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (various alleles of <i>Sym</i> and <i>Nod</i> loci). Novel mutations which are potentially promising for breeding are currently being investigated. Together with numerous cultivars of dry and fodder pea carrying commonly known mutations, new ‘chameleon’ and ‘lupinoid’ morphotypes, both double mutants, are under study. A cultivar Triumph which increases the effectiveness of interactions with beneficial soil microbes, was bred in Russia for the first time in the history of legume breeding.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/544afiladeterminate growthfasciationmorphotypesnitrogen fixationnodulation |
| spellingShingle | Andrey Sinjushin Elena Semenova Margarita Vishnyakova Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia Agronomy afila determinate growth fasciation morphotypes nitrogen fixation nodulation |
| title | Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia |
| title_full | Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia |
| title_fullStr | Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia |
| title_short | Usage of Morphological Mutations for Improvement of a Garden Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>): The Experience of Breeding in Russia |
| title_sort | usage of morphological mutations for improvement of a garden pea i pisum sativum i the experience of breeding in russia |
| topic | afila determinate growth fasciation morphotypes nitrogen fixation nodulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/544 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT andreysinjushin usageofmorphologicalmutationsforimprovementofagardenpeaipisumsativumitheexperienceofbreedinginrussia AT elenasemenova usageofmorphologicalmutationsforimprovementofagardenpeaipisumsativumitheexperienceofbreedinginrussia AT margaritavishnyakova usageofmorphologicalmutationsforimprovementofagardenpeaipisumsativumitheexperienceofbreedinginrussia |