Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards
Evaluating genetic diversity in walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) populations is a rapid approach used by walnut breeding programs to distinguish superior genotypes. The present study was conducted on the walnut population of Hamedan Province, one of the richest and most genetically diver...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1003 |
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| author | Mehdi Fallah Mousa Rasouli Darab Hassani Shaneka S. Lawson Saadat Sarikhani Kourosh Vahdati |
| author_facet | Mehdi Fallah Mousa Rasouli Darab Hassani Shaneka S. Lawson Saadat Sarikhani Kourosh Vahdati |
| author_sort | Mehdi Fallah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evaluating genetic diversity in walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) populations is a rapid approach used by walnut breeding programs to distinguish superior genotypes. The present study was conducted on the walnut population of Hamedan Province, one of the richest and most genetically diverse regions in Iran, during 2018–2019. After the initial screening, 47 genotypes were selected for further evaluation of pomological and phenological traits based on International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) descriptors. Nut and kernel weights among the selected genotypes ranged from 7.15 to 21.05 g and 3.0 to 10.8 g, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) categorized the genotypes into three distinct groups. Whereas the cluster analysis (CA) revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the genotypes by identifying four major clusters. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation (<i>p</i> < 0.01) between nut weight (NWT), nut size, and kernel weight (KW), while a negative correlation (<i>p</i> < 0.01) between shell thickness (STH) and packing tissue thickness (PTT) with kernel percentage (KP) was observed. Lastly, 10 of 47 genotypes (TAL8, TAL9, TAL10, TAL14, TAL19, TAL22, TB2, TB4, TB6, and RDGH5) were considered superior. Superior genotypes were late-leafing (25–40 days after the standard) and displayed a lateral bearing (LB) habit with heavy nuts (12.52–16.82 g) and kernels (6.53–8.15 g), thin shells (1.06–1.25 mm), and lightly colored kernels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:02:22Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3caa5303c20b4870b55804db988ebe62 |
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| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:02:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-3caa5303c20b4870b55804db988ebe622023-11-24T04:52:38ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-10-01811100310.3390/horticulturae8111003Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut OrchardsMehdi Fallah0Mousa Rasouli1Darab Hassani2Shaneka S. Lawson3Saadat Sarikhani4Kourosh Vahdati5Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, PC, IranDepartment of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer 6571995863, PC, IranTemperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute (HSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 3177777411, PC, IranUSDA Forest Service, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (HTIRC), Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, PC, IranDepartment of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, PC, IranEvaluating genetic diversity in walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) populations is a rapid approach used by walnut breeding programs to distinguish superior genotypes. The present study was conducted on the walnut population of Hamedan Province, one of the richest and most genetically diverse regions in Iran, during 2018–2019. After the initial screening, 47 genotypes were selected for further evaluation of pomological and phenological traits based on International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) descriptors. Nut and kernel weights among the selected genotypes ranged from 7.15 to 21.05 g and 3.0 to 10.8 g, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) categorized the genotypes into three distinct groups. Whereas the cluster analysis (CA) revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the genotypes by identifying four major clusters. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation (<i>p</i> < 0.01) between nut weight (NWT), nut size, and kernel weight (KW), while a negative correlation (<i>p</i> < 0.01) between shell thickness (STH) and packing tissue thickness (PTT) with kernel percentage (KP) was observed. Lastly, 10 of 47 genotypes (TAL8, TAL9, TAL10, TAL14, TAL19, TAL22, TB2, TB4, TB6, and RDGH5) were considered superior. Superior genotypes were late-leafing (25–40 days after the standard) and displayed a lateral bearing (LB) habit with heavy nuts (12.52–16.82 g) and kernels (6.53–8.15 g), thin shells (1.06–1.25 mm), and lightly colored kernels.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1003walnut diversitygermplasm evaluationlate-leafingpomological characteristicssuperior genotypes |
| spellingShingle | Mehdi Fallah Mousa Rasouli Darab Hassani Shaneka S. Lawson Saadat Sarikhani Kourosh Vahdati Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards Horticulturae walnut diversity germplasm evaluation late-leafing pomological characteristics superior genotypes |
| title | Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards |
| title_full | Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards |
| title_fullStr | Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards |
| title_short | Tracing Superior Late-Leafing Genotypes of Persian Walnut for Managing Late-Spring Frost in Walnut Orchards |
| title_sort | tracing superior late leafing genotypes of persian walnut for managing late spring frost in walnut orchards |
| topic | walnut diversity germplasm evaluation late-leafing pomological characteristics superior genotypes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1003 |
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