Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Nowadays, biopolymer-based films are being developed as an alternative to conventional plastic-based films, mainly because they are non-toxic, flexible, inexpensive, and widely available. However, they are restricted in their applications due to several deficiencies in their properties. Accordingly,...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5202 |
| _version_ | 1797462304333234176 |
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| author | Johar Amin Ahmed Abdullah Mercedes Jiménez-Rosado Antonio Guerrero Alberto Romero |
| author_facet | Johar Amin Ahmed Abdullah Mercedes Jiménez-Rosado Antonio Guerrero Alberto Romero |
| author_sort | Johar Amin Ahmed Abdullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, biopolymer-based films are being developed as an alternative to conventional plastic-based films, mainly because they are non-toxic, flexible, inexpensive, and widely available. However, they are restricted in their applications due to several deficiencies in their properties. Accordingly, the reinforcement of these materials with nanoparticles/nanofillers could overcome some of their shortcomings, especially those processed by green methods. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are highly suggested to overcome these deficiencies. Therefore, the main aim of this work was to develop different biopolymer-based films from cellulose acetate (CA), chitosan (CH), and gelatin (GE) reinforced with ZnO-NPs prepared by casting, and to assess their different properties. The results show the improvements produced by the incorporation of ZnO-NPs (1% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) into the CA, CH, and GE systems. Thus, the water contact angles (WCAs) increased by about 12, 13, and 14%, while the water vapor permeability (WVP) decreased by about 14, 6, and 29%, the water solubility (WS) decreased by about 23, 6, and 5%, and the transparency (T) increased by about 19, 31, and 20% in the CA, CH, and GE systems, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were enhanced by increasing the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (by about 39, 13, and 26%, respectively) and Young’s modulus (<i>E</i>) (by about 70, 34, and 63%, respectively), thereby decreasing the elongation at the break (ε<sub>max</sub>) (by about 56, 23, and 49%, respectively) and the toughness (by about 50, 4, and 30%, respectively). Lastly, the antioxidant properties were enhanced by 34, 49, and 39%, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:34:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ce9f7f1693f4376aa03758088017060 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:34:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ce9f7f1693f4376aa037580880170602023-11-24T12:00:06ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-11-011423520210.3390/polym14235202Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide NanoparticlesJohar Amin Ahmed Abdullah0Mercedes Jiménez-Rosado1Antonio Guerrero2Alberto Romero3Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, SpainDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, SpainDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, SpainDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainNowadays, biopolymer-based films are being developed as an alternative to conventional plastic-based films, mainly because they are non-toxic, flexible, inexpensive, and widely available. However, they are restricted in their applications due to several deficiencies in their properties. Accordingly, the reinforcement of these materials with nanoparticles/nanofillers could overcome some of their shortcomings, especially those processed by green methods. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are highly suggested to overcome these deficiencies. Therefore, the main aim of this work was to develop different biopolymer-based films from cellulose acetate (CA), chitosan (CH), and gelatin (GE) reinforced with ZnO-NPs prepared by casting, and to assess their different properties. The results show the improvements produced by the incorporation of ZnO-NPs (1% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) into the CA, CH, and GE systems. Thus, the water contact angles (WCAs) increased by about 12, 13, and 14%, while the water vapor permeability (WVP) decreased by about 14, 6, and 29%, the water solubility (WS) decreased by about 23, 6, and 5%, and the transparency (T) increased by about 19, 31, and 20% in the CA, CH, and GE systems, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were enhanced by increasing the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (by about 39, 13, and 26%, respectively) and Young’s modulus (<i>E</i>) (by about 70, 34, and 63%, respectively), thereby decreasing the elongation at the break (ε<sub>max</sub>) (by about 56, 23, and 49%, respectively) and the toughness (by about 50, 4, and 30%, respectively). Lastly, the antioxidant properties were enhanced by 34, 49, and 39%, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5202cellulose acetatechitosanfilmsgelatinzinc oxide nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Johar Amin Ahmed Abdullah Mercedes Jiménez-Rosado Antonio Guerrero Alberto Romero Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Polymers cellulose acetate chitosan films gelatin zinc oxide nanoparticles |
| title | Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
| title_full | Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
| title_short | Biopolymer-Based Films Reinforced with Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
| title_sort | biopolymer based films reinforced with green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles |
| topic | cellulose acetate chitosan films gelatin zinc oxide nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/23/5202 |
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