Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece
According to the latest energy efficiency European directive (EED 2023/1791/EU), the expected energy renovation rate of at least 3% of the buildings’ floor area each year towards nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) is extended to include public buildings not only of the central government (as per t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/689 |
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| author | George M. Stavrakakis Dimitris Bakirtzis Korina-Konstantina Drakaki Sofia Yfanti Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis Konstantinos Braimakis Panagiotis Langouranis Konstantinos Terzis Panagiotis L. Zervas |
| author_facet | George M. Stavrakakis Dimitris Bakirtzis Korina-Konstantina Drakaki Sofia Yfanti Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis Konstantinos Braimakis Panagiotis Langouranis Konstantinos Terzis Panagiotis L. Zervas |
| author_sort | George M. Stavrakakis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | According to the latest energy efficiency European directive (EED 2023/1791/EU), the expected energy renovation rate of at least 3% of the buildings’ floor area each year towards nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) is extended to include public buildings not only of the central government (as per the first EED 2012/27/EU) but also of regional and local authorities. This poses a great challenge, especially for Municipalities that often manage large building stocks with high energy demands. In response to this challenge, this paper presents the application of the so-called “typology approach” for conducting public buildings’ energy renovation plans at the local level. A computational survey is initially introduced to decide the optimal set of building-stock clustering criteria among all possible combinations, involving the minimization of the RMSE index regarding the primary energy consumption of each building. For a representative building from each identified typology, the key performance indicators (KPIs) are computed for alternative energy-upgrading scenarios. Exploiting the IMPULSE Interreg-MED project tools, the KPIs from each representative building are at first extrapolated to all buildings of the examined stock and, finally, a gradual energy renovation plan is automatically produced based on user-defined decision parameters including the required annual renovation rate. The methodology is applied for the case of the Municipality of Hersonissos in Greece. For the specific 44-buildings’ stock it was found that the optimal clustering set included four criteria, building use, construction year, heating, and a cooling system, leading to 15 building typologies. Finally, assuming a 7% renovation rate per year, a 12-year gradual renovation (nZEB transformation) plan is obtained foreseeing an 85% CO<sub>2</sub> emissions’ reduction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:57:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3cfa55d16f66441fa649dfb160c3588e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:57:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-3cfa55d16f66441fa649dfb160c3588e2024-02-09T15:11:36ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-01-0117368910.3390/en17030689Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in GreeceGeorge M. Stavrakakis0Dimitris Bakirtzis1Korina-Konstantina Drakaki2Sofia Yfanti3Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis4Konstantinos Braimakis5Panagiotis Langouranis6Konstantinos Terzis7Panagiotis L. Zervas8MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceMES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceMES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of 8 Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, GreeceMES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceMES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceMES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, GreeceAccording to the latest energy efficiency European directive (EED 2023/1791/EU), the expected energy renovation rate of at least 3% of the buildings’ floor area each year towards nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) is extended to include public buildings not only of the central government (as per the first EED 2012/27/EU) but also of regional and local authorities. This poses a great challenge, especially for Municipalities that often manage large building stocks with high energy demands. In response to this challenge, this paper presents the application of the so-called “typology approach” for conducting public buildings’ energy renovation plans at the local level. A computational survey is initially introduced to decide the optimal set of building-stock clustering criteria among all possible combinations, involving the minimization of the RMSE index regarding the primary energy consumption of each building. For a representative building from each identified typology, the key performance indicators (KPIs) are computed for alternative energy-upgrading scenarios. Exploiting the IMPULSE Interreg-MED project tools, the KPIs from each representative building are at first extrapolated to all buildings of the examined stock and, finally, a gradual energy renovation plan is automatically produced based on user-defined decision parameters including the required annual renovation rate. The methodology is applied for the case of the Municipality of Hersonissos in Greece. For the specific 44-buildings’ stock it was found that the optimal clustering set included four criteria, building use, construction year, heating, and a cooling system, leading to 15 building typologies. Finally, assuming a 7% renovation rate per year, a 12-year gradual renovation (nZEB transformation) plan is obtained foreseeing an 85% CO<sub>2</sub> emissions’ reduction.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/689energy efficiency planningpublic buildingstypology approachbuilding-stock clusteringbuilding-stock energy assessment |
| spellingShingle | George M. Stavrakakis Dimitris Bakirtzis Korina-Konstantina Drakaki Sofia Yfanti Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis Konstantinos Braimakis Panagiotis Langouranis Konstantinos Terzis Panagiotis L. Zervas Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece Energies energy efficiency planning public buildings typology approach building-stock clustering building-stock energy assessment |
| title | Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece |
| title_full | Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece |
| title_fullStr | Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece |
| title_short | Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece |
| title_sort | application of the typology approach for energy renovation planning of public buildings stocks at the local level a case study in greece |
| topic | energy efficiency planning public buildings typology approach building-stock clustering building-stock energy assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/3/689 |
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