An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154
Recently, the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 has garnered attention due to its emission of an extremely luminous radio burst, reminiscent of fast radio bursts (FRBs). SGR J1935+2154 is one of the most active magnetars, displaying flaring events nearly every year, including outbursts as well as sho...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad293b |
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| author | A. Y. Ibrahim A. Borghese F. Coti Zelati E. Parent A. Marino O. S. Ould-Boukattine N. Rea S. Ascenzi D. P. Pacholski S. Mereghetti G. L. Israel A. Tiengo A. Possenti M. Burgay R. Turolla S. Zane P. Esposito D. Götz S. Campana F. Kirsten M. P. Gawroński J. W. T. Hessels |
| author_facet | A. Y. Ibrahim A. Borghese F. Coti Zelati E. Parent A. Marino O. S. Ould-Boukattine N. Rea S. Ascenzi D. P. Pacholski S. Mereghetti G. L. Israel A. Tiengo A. Possenti M. Burgay R. Turolla S. Zane P. Esposito D. Götz S. Campana F. Kirsten M. P. Gawroński J. W. T. Hessels |
| author_sort | A. Y. Ibrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 has garnered attention due to its emission of an extremely luminous radio burst, reminiscent of fast radio bursts (FRBs). SGR J1935+2154 is one of the most active magnetars, displaying flaring events nearly every year, including outbursts as well as short and intermediate bursts. Here, we present our results on the properties of the persistent and bursting X-ray emission from SGR J1935+2154 during the initial weeks following its outburst on 2022 October 10. The source was observed with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR (quasi-)simultaneously during two epochs, separated by ∼5 days. The persistent emission spectrum is well described by an absorbed blackbody plus power-law model up to an energy of ∼25 keV. No significant changes were observed in the blackbody temperature ( kT _BB ∼ 0.4 keV) and emitting radius ( R _BB ∼ 1.9 km) between the two epochs. However, we observed a slight variation in the power-law parameters. Moreover, we detected X-ray pulsations in all the data sets and derived a spin-period derivative of $\dot{P}=5.52(5)\times {10}^{-11}$ s s ^−1 . This is 3.8 times larger than the value measured after the first recorded outburst in 2014. Additionally, we performed quasi-simultaneous radio observations using three 25–32 m class radio telescopes for a total of 92.5 hr to search for FRB-like radio bursts and pulsed emission. However, our analysis did not reveal any radio bursts or periodic emission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:26:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d0921ba561648b99582f47d0ea4c00a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:26:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d0921ba561648b99582f47d0ea4c00a2024-04-10T14:26:56ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-0196518710.3847/1538-4357/ad293bAn X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154A. Y. Ibrahim0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5663-1712A. Borghese1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8785-5922F. Coti Zelati2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-1581E. Parent3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0430-6504A. Marino4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-4664O. S. Ould-Boukattine5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-8466N. Rea6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2177-6388S. Ascenzi7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5116-6789D. P. Pacholski8https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3911-9266S. Mereghetti9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-7801G. L. Israel10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-6438A. Tiengo11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-1090A. Possenti12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-3731M. Burgay13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8265-4344R. Turolla14https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3977-8760S. Zane15https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5326-880XP. Esposito16https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4849-5092D. Götz17https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-0981S. Campana18https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6278-1576F. Kirsten19https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-8668M. P. Gawroński20https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4056-4903J. W. T. Hessels21https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2317-1446Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain ; ibrahim@ice.csic.es; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias , E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain ; ibrahim@ice.csic.es; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain ; ibrahim@ice.csic.es; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain ; ibrahim@ice.csic.es; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The NetherlandsInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain ; ibrahim@ice.csic.es; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainGran Sasso Science Institute , Viale F. Crispi 7, I-67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy; INFN—Laboratori Nazionali Del Gran Sasso , I-67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy; INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , via E. Bianchi 46, 23807, Merate (LC), ItalyINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano , via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica G. Occhialini, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca , Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, ItalyINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano , via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano , via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy; Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia , Palazzo del Broletto, piazza della Vittoria 15, I-27100 Pavia, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius, ItalyINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius, ItalyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei,” Università di Padova , via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UKMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UKINAF—Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano , via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy; Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia , Palazzo del Broletto, piazza della Vittoria 15, I-27100 Pavia, ItalyAIM-CEA/DRF/Irfu/Département d’Astrophysique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , Université de Paris Cité, Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera , Via Bianchi 46, Merate (LC), I-23807, ItalyDepartment of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92, Onsala, SwedenInstitute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, PolandASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The NetherlandsRecently, the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 has garnered attention due to its emission of an extremely luminous radio burst, reminiscent of fast radio bursts (FRBs). SGR J1935+2154 is one of the most active magnetars, displaying flaring events nearly every year, including outbursts as well as short and intermediate bursts. Here, we present our results on the properties of the persistent and bursting X-ray emission from SGR J1935+2154 during the initial weeks following its outburst on 2022 October 10. The source was observed with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR (quasi-)simultaneously during two epochs, separated by ∼5 days. The persistent emission spectrum is well described by an absorbed blackbody plus power-law model up to an energy of ∼25 keV. No significant changes were observed in the blackbody temperature ( kT _BB ∼ 0.4 keV) and emitting radius ( R _BB ∼ 1.9 km) between the two epochs. However, we observed a slight variation in the power-law parameters. Moreover, we detected X-ray pulsations in all the data sets and derived a spin-period derivative of $\dot{P}=5.52(5)\times {10}^{-11}$ s s ^−1 . This is 3.8 times larger than the value measured after the first recorded outburst in 2014. Additionally, we performed quasi-simultaneous radio observations using three 25–32 m class radio telescopes for a total of 92.5 hr to search for FRB-like radio bursts and pulsed emission. However, our analysis did not reveal any radio bursts or periodic emission.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad293bNeutron starsMagnetars |
| spellingShingle | A. Y. Ibrahim A. Borghese F. Coti Zelati E. Parent A. Marino O. S. Ould-Boukattine N. Rea S. Ascenzi D. P. Pacholski S. Mereghetti G. L. Israel A. Tiengo A. Possenti M. Burgay R. Turolla S. Zane P. Esposito D. Götz S. Campana F. Kirsten M. P. Gawroński J. W. T. Hessels An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 The Astrophysical Journal Neutron stars Magnetars |
| title | An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 |
| title_full | An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 |
| title_fullStr | An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 |
| title_full_unstemmed | An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 |
| title_short | An X-Ray and Radio View of the 2022 Reactivation of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 |
| title_sort | x ray and radio view of the 2022 reactivation of the magnetar sgr j1935 2154 |
| topic | Neutron stars Magnetars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad293b |
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