P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses
The objective of the current study was to analyse the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and residual stresses of a dissimilar welded joint (DWJ) made of P92 steel and the Inconel alloy 617 (IN617) using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. The ERNiCr-3 filler was selected to produce...
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061674 |
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| author | Amit Kumar Shailesh M. Pandey Sachin Sirohi Dariusz Fydrych Chandan Pandey |
| author_facet | Amit Kumar Shailesh M. Pandey Sachin Sirohi Dariusz Fydrych Chandan Pandey |
| author_sort | Amit Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of the current study was to analyse the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and residual stresses of a dissimilar welded joint (DWJ) made of P92 steel and the Inconel alloy 617 (IN617) using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. The ERNiCr-3 filler was selected to produce the conventional V groove (VG) and narrow V groove (NVG) butt joint. The filler deficient zones in the weldments, such as the filler deficient beach, i.e. unmixed zone (UZ), peninsula, and island, as well as the distinct heat-affected zone (HAZ), were visible near the interface of ERNiCr-3 filler weld and P92 steel due to the distinct differences in the chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties between the filler and P92 base metal (BM). A very narrow partial melted zone (PMZ) and almost negligible UZ and HAZ were noticed at the interface of IN617 and ERNiCr-3 weld metal and it occurred mainly due to the similarity in microstructure and melting point. The austenitic microstructure of ERNiCr-3 filler weld was accompanied by precipitates enriched with Ti and Nb along with the inter-dendritic space. At room temperature, the mechanical properties of both the groove joints were evaluated, and the test results indicated that the welded joint satisfied the standard requirements for AUSC power plants' boiler applications. The tensile test results showed the failure from ERNiCr-3 filler weld with a tensile strength of 627 ± 2 MPa and 636 ± 3 MPa for VG and NVG welded joints, respectively. A poor weld metal impact toughness in comparison to the BMs was attributed to the presence of the brittle Ti(C, N) and Nb(C) particles in the interdendritic space. The impact toughness for the NVG weld joint was measured higher than for the VG weld joint. A significant hardness deviation was measured along the weldments that might be due to heterogeneous microstructure, i.e. UZ, HAZ, delta ferrite, and weld metal. To impart the ductility and temper the martensite in P92 HAZ, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) was also performed, and a studied their effect on microstructure evolution across the weldments and mechanical properties. Groove design also showed a significant effect on residual stress variation. The work highlights the groove geometry, welding procedure, evolution of the microstructure along the weldments, mechanical characteristics, and residual stress variation of DWJ of P92 steel and IN617 alloy. In comparison to conventional VG joints, the NVG joints exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower residual stress values. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:20:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d47cb5997744a4a8ba4300d13d3be5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:20:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3d47cb5997744a4a8ba4300d13d3be5c2023-08-30T05:53:14ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-08-0198e18959P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stressesAmit Kumar0Shailesh M. Pandey1Sachin Sirohi2Dariusz Fydrych3Chandan Pandey4Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Patna, Patna, 201204, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus, Modinagar 201204, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaInstitute of Manufacturing and Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk 80-233, PolandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, India; Corresponding author.The objective of the current study was to analyse the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and residual stresses of a dissimilar welded joint (DWJ) made of P92 steel and the Inconel alloy 617 (IN617) using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. The ERNiCr-3 filler was selected to produce the conventional V groove (VG) and narrow V groove (NVG) butt joint. The filler deficient zones in the weldments, such as the filler deficient beach, i.e. unmixed zone (UZ), peninsula, and island, as well as the distinct heat-affected zone (HAZ), were visible near the interface of ERNiCr-3 filler weld and P92 steel due to the distinct differences in the chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties between the filler and P92 base metal (BM). A very narrow partial melted zone (PMZ) and almost negligible UZ and HAZ were noticed at the interface of IN617 and ERNiCr-3 weld metal and it occurred mainly due to the similarity in microstructure and melting point. The austenitic microstructure of ERNiCr-3 filler weld was accompanied by precipitates enriched with Ti and Nb along with the inter-dendritic space. At room temperature, the mechanical properties of both the groove joints were evaluated, and the test results indicated that the welded joint satisfied the standard requirements for AUSC power plants' boiler applications. The tensile test results showed the failure from ERNiCr-3 filler weld with a tensile strength of 627 ± 2 MPa and 636 ± 3 MPa for VG and NVG welded joints, respectively. A poor weld metal impact toughness in comparison to the BMs was attributed to the presence of the brittle Ti(C, N) and Nb(C) particles in the interdendritic space. The impact toughness for the NVG weld joint was measured higher than for the VG weld joint. A significant hardness deviation was measured along the weldments that might be due to heterogeneous microstructure, i.e. UZ, HAZ, delta ferrite, and weld metal. To impart the ductility and temper the martensite in P92 HAZ, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) was also performed, and a studied their effect on microstructure evolution across the weldments and mechanical properties. Groove design also showed a significant effect on residual stress variation. The work highlights the groove geometry, welding procedure, evolution of the microstructure along the weldments, mechanical characteristics, and residual stress variation of DWJ of P92 steel and IN617 alloy. In comparison to conventional VG joints, the NVG joints exhibited superior mechanical properties and lower residual stress values.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061674Dissimilar welded jointGroove geometryERNiCr-3 fillerCharacterizationMechanical testingResidual stresses |
| spellingShingle | Amit Kumar Shailesh M. Pandey Sachin Sirohi Dariusz Fydrych Chandan Pandey P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses Heliyon Dissimilar welded joint Groove geometry ERNiCr-3 filler Characterization Mechanical testing Residual stresses |
| title | P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| title_full | P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| title_fullStr | P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| title_full_unstemmed | P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| title_short | P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| title_sort | p92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ernicr 3 filler with gtaw process solidification mechanism microstructure mechanical properties and residual stresses |
| topic | Dissimilar welded joint Groove geometry ERNiCr-3 filler Characterization Mechanical testing Residual stresses |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061674 |
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