S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice
A 66-year-old man presented with a 2.8 cm lesion of the left vocal cord. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans, the tumor extended to the supraglottis, subglottis, paraglottic space and anterior commissure, causing partial obstruction of the laryngeal lumen. At another hospital, a fragmente...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/892 |
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| author | Andrea Palicelli Antonio Ramponi Guido Valente Renzo Boldorini Annalisa Balbo Mussetto Magda Zanelli |
| author_facet | Andrea Palicelli Antonio Ramponi Guido Valente Renzo Boldorini Annalisa Balbo Mussetto Magda Zanelli |
| author_sort | Andrea Palicelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A 66-year-old man presented with a 2.8 cm lesion of the left vocal cord. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans, the tumor extended to the supraglottis, subglottis, paraglottic space and anterior commissure, causing partial obstruction of the laryngeal lumen. At another hospital, a fragmented incisional biopsy was diagnosed as a granular cell tumor, as to the S-100 immunohistochemical positivity. After excision, the tumor revealed to be an adult-type laryngeal rhabdomyoma. The typical cytoplasmic rod-like inclusions and cross striations were more evident in the second specimen. We confirmed the unusual S-100 immunohistochemical positivity (variable intensity, >90% of tumor cells). Muscle markers were not performed on the previous biopsy, resulting positive in our specimen (Desmin: strong, diffuse expression; Smooth Muscle Actin: strong staining in 10% of tumor cells). Melan-A, CD68, GFAP, pan-cytokeratins, CEA, calretinin and neurofilaments resulted negative. To our brief, systematic literature review, S-100 positivity (usually variable, often weak or patchy/focal) was globally found in 19/34 (56%) adult-type rhabdomyomas of the head and neck region. Especially on fragmented biopsy material, the differential diagnoses of laryngeal rhabdomyomas may include granular cell tumors, oncocytic tumors of the salivary glands or of different origin, and paragangliomas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:57:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d560a7750c34a14bbebbabf35f81314 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:57:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d560a7750c34a14bbebbabf35f813142023-12-01T01:32:40ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-04-0112489210.3390/diagnostics12040892S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine PracticeAndrea Palicelli0Antonio Ramponi1Guido Valente2Renzo Boldorini3Annalisa Balbo Mussetto4Magda Zanelli5Pathology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, “Sant’Andrea” Hospital, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, ItalyRadiology Department, Umberto I Mauriziano Hospital, 10128 Turin, ItalyPathology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, ItalyA 66-year-old man presented with a 2.8 cm lesion of the left vocal cord. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans, the tumor extended to the supraglottis, subglottis, paraglottic space and anterior commissure, causing partial obstruction of the laryngeal lumen. At another hospital, a fragmented incisional biopsy was diagnosed as a granular cell tumor, as to the S-100 immunohistochemical positivity. After excision, the tumor revealed to be an adult-type laryngeal rhabdomyoma. The typical cytoplasmic rod-like inclusions and cross striations were more evident in the second specimen. We confirmed the unusual S-100 immunohistochemical positivity (variable intensity, >90% of tumor cells). Muscle markers were not performed on the previous biopsy, resulting positive in our specimen (Desmin: strong, diffuse expression; Smooth Muscle Actin: strong staining in 10% of tumor cells). Melan-A, CD68, GFAP, pan-cytokeratins, CEA, calretinin and neurofilaments resulted negative. To our brief, systematic literature review, S-100 positivity (usually variable, often weak or patchy/focal) was globally found in 19/34 (56%) adult-type rhabdomyomas of the head and neck region. Especially on fragmented biopsy material, the differential diagnoses of laryngeal rhabdomyomas may include granular cell tumors, oncocytic tumors of the salivary glands or of different origin, and paragangliomas.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/892rhabdomyomaadultlarynxhead and neckimmunohistochemistryS-100 |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Palicelli Antonio Ramponi Guido Valente Renzo Boldorini Annalisa Balbo Mussetto Magda Zanelli S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice Diagnostics rhabdomyoma adult larynx head and neck immunohistochemistry S-100 |
| title | S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice |
| title_full | S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice |
| title_fullStr | S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice |
| title_full_unstemmed | S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice |
| title_short | S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice |
| title_sort | s 100 immunohistochemical positivity in rhabdomyoma an underestimated potential diagnostic pitfall in routine practice |
| topic | rhabdomyoma adult larynx head and neck immunohistochemistry S-100 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/892 |
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