Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients.
Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5870958?pdf=render |
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| author | Teresa Tsai Sandra Kuehn Nikolaos Tsiampalis Minh-Khoa Vu Vinodh Kakkassery Gesa Stute H Burkhard Dick Stephanie C Joachim |
| author_facet | Teresa Tsai Sandra Kuehn Nikolaos Tsiampalis Minh-Khoa Vu Vinodh Kakkassery Gesa Stute H Burkhard Dick Stephanie C Joachim |
| author_sort | Teresa Tsai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge-vitrectomy (n = 17/group). The levels of three pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ) and pleiotropic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13) as well as VEGF, VEGF-A, and PGF were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1ß (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ (p = 0.04), two of the three tested pro-inflammatory cytokines, were elevated in the DR patients, while IL-6 (p = 0.51) level was comparable in both groups. Moreover, in DR samples, a trend towards an IL-13 down-regulation (p = 0.36) was observable. The IL-2 (p = 0.62) and IL-4 (p = 0.78) levels were comparable in both groups. All analyzed angiogenetic factors were up-regulated in DR patients (VEGF: p<0.001; VEGF-A: p = 0.002; PGF: p<0.001). The up-regulation of angiogenetic factors underline their importance in DR development. However, the interaction of the other cytokines showed an interesting pattern. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also up-regulated, which could be evidence for inflammation processes in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, it seems that a counter response of immunomodulatory cytokines is in an initial process, but not strong enough to regulate the processes. Therefore, to support these anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be additive treatment option in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:48:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d5e2fe369df4474aa98147d7d636ed2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:48:15Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d5e2fe369df4474aa98147d7d636ed22022-12-22T01:26:43ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01133e019460310.1371/journal.pone.0194603Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients.Teresa TsaiSandra KuehnNikolaos TsiampalisMinh-Khoa VuVinodh KakkasseryGesa StuteH Burkhard DickStephanie C JoachimEvaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge-vitrectomy (n = 17/group). The levels of three pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ) and pleiotropic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13) as well as VEGF, VEGF-A, and PGF were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1ß (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ (p = 0.04), two of the three tested pro-inflammatory cytokines, were elevated in the DR patients, while IL-6 (p = 0.51) level was comparable in both groups. Moreover, in DR samples, a trend towards an IL-13 down-regulation (p = 0.36) was observable. The IL-2 (p = 0.62) and IL-4 (p = 0.78) levels were comparable in both groups. All analyzed angiogenetic factors were up-regulated in DR patients (VEGF: p<0.001; VEGF-A: p = 0.002; PGF: p<0.001). The up-regulation of angiogenetic factors underline their importance in DR development. However, the interaction of the other cytokines showed an interesting pattern. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also up-regulated, which could be evidence for inflammation processes in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, it seems that a counter response of immunomodulatory cytokines is in an initial process, but not strong enough to regulate the processes. Therefore, to support these anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be additive treatment option in the future.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5870958?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Teresa Tsai Sandra Kuehn Nikolaos Tsiampalis Minh-Khoa Vu Vinodh Kakkassery Gesa Stute H Burkhard Dick Stephanie C Joachim Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. PLoS ONE |
| title | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. |
| title_full | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. |
| title_fullStr | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. |
| title_short | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5870958?pdf=render |
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