Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil
<i>Irvingia gabonensis</i> is a non-timber forest product, whose fruit contains an edible fat-rich kernel. This fat can be used not only in human food but also as a source of raw materials in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This work aimed to provide a physicoc...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| author | Sidrine Kerthy Koumba Ibinga Muriel Cerny Eric Lacroux Jean-François Fabre Romain Valentin Othmane Merah Raphaël Bikanga Zéphirin Mouloungui |
| author_facet | Sidrine Kerthy Koumba Ibinga Muriel Cerny Eric Lacroux Jean-François Fabre Romain Valentin Othmane Merah Raphaël Bikanga Zéphirin Mouloungui |
| author_sort | Sidrine Kerthy Koumba Ibinga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Irvingia gabonensis</i> is a non-timber forest product, whose fruit contains an edible fat-rich kernel. This fat can be used not only in human food but also as a source of raw materials in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This work aimed to provide a physicochemical description of components present in the almonds and butter of <i>I. gabonensis</i>. Oil was extracted by soxhlet and hot-pressing from almonds. Cryo-MEB analyses allowed the observation of oleosomes in which the triglycerides of almonds are located. The triglyceride profile and the fatty acids profile of the butter were determined by gas chromatography, and a statistical analysis was performed. The thermal properties of oil were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed that oil bodies have sizes ranging from 30 to 60 µm. With a 63.8 ± 0.2% fat content, <i>I. gabonensis</i> is composed of 98.4% triglycerides. The hot-pressing yield is 47.9%. The main triglycerides are essentially made up of lauric (38.5 ± 0.1%) and myristic (51.9 ± 0.2%) acids. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the butter melted at 43.4 °C and decomposed at 415.2 °C. These results show that <i>I. gabonensis</i> butter may be proposed as a good source of lauric acid for food and nutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:50:19Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:50:19Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3d5f34fbd40645b4a59c51f2f80fb8312023-12-03T14:28:06ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392022-08-019820710.3390/separations9080207Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic OilSidrine Kerthy Koumba Ibinga0Muriel Cerny1Eric Lacroux2Jean-François Fabre3Romain Valentin4Othmane Merah5Raphaël Bikanga6Zéphirin Mouloungui7Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31030 Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire des Substances Naturelles et de Synthèse Organo-Métallique (LASNOM), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville B.P. 269, GabonDina-BioRes#-Chem, 10 Rue Simone Henry, 31200 Toulouse, France<i>Irvingia gabonensis</i> is a non-timber forest product, whose fruit contains an edible fat-rich kernel. This fat can be used not only in human food but also as a source of raw materials in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This work aimed to provide a physicochemical description of components present in the almonds and butter of <i>I. gabonensis</i>. Oil was extracted by soxhlet and hot-pressing from almonds. Cryo-MEB analyses allowed the observation of oleosomes in which the triglycerides of almonds are located. The triglyceride profile and the fatty acids profile of the butter were determined by gas chromatography, and a statistical analysis was performed. The thermal properties of oil were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed that oil bodies have sizes ranging from 30 to 60 µm. With a 63.8 ± 0.2% fat content, <i>I. gabonensis</i> is composed of 98.4% triglycerides. The hot-pressing yield is 47.9%. The main triglycerides are essentially made up of lauric (38.5 ± 0.1%) and myristic (51.9 ± 0.2%) acids. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the butter melted at 43.4 °C and decomposed at 415.2 °C. These results show that <i>I. gabonensis</i> butter may be proposed as a good source of lauric acid for food and nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/8/207<i>I. gabonensis</i>hot-pressingMEB analysisTGA analysisoleosomestriglyceride |
| spellingShingle | Sidrine Kerthy Koumba Ibinga Muriel Cerny Eric Lacroux Jean-François Fabre Romain Valentin Othmane Merah Raphaël Bikanga Zéphirin Mouloungui Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil Separations <i>I. gabonensis</i> hot-pressing MEB analysis TGA analysis oleosomes triglyceride |
| title | Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil |
| title_full | Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil |
| title_fullStr | Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil |
| title_short | Extraction and Physicochemical Composition of <i>Irvingia</i><i>gabonensis</i> Almond Oil: A Potential Healthy Source of Lauric-Myristic Oil |
| title_sort | extraction and physicochemical composition of i irvingia i i gabonensis i almond oil a potential healthy source of lauric myristic oil |
| topic | <i>I. gabonensis</i> hot-pressing MEB analysis TGA analysis oleosomes triglyceride |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/8/207 |
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