Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1
As a polycrystalline polymer, isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) will form different crystalline structures when it crystallizes under different conditions. In this work, we found a simple method to manipulate the cell structure of iPB-1 foams by controlling the annealing time of crystalline form II at...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of CO2 Utilization |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001579 |
| _version_ | 1827871750339166208 |
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| author | Weijie Li Zheng Gong Kaiwen Wu Ling Zhao Dongdong Hu |
| author_facet | Weijie Li Zheng Gong Kaiwen Wu Ling Zhao Dongdong Hu |
| author_sort | Weijie Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a polycrystalline polymer, isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) will form different crystalline structures when it crystallizes under different conditions. In this work, we found a simple method to manipulate the cell structure of iPB-1 foams by controlling the annealing time of crystalline form II at room temperature and employing supercritical CO2 foaming. As the content of crystalline form II increases, the storage modulus (G′) and complex viscosity (|η * |) increase, and the solubility of CO2 in iPB-1 increases. Crystalline form II has a wider foaming temperature window compared to crystalline form I and exhibits a more uniform cell structure at temperatures between 95 °C and 125 °C. The average cell diameters of crystalline form II and I are 33.9 µm and 11.2 µm at 115 °C and 15 MPa CO2, respectively. A small amount of crystalline form I acts as a heterogeneous nucleation agent during the foaming process, resulting in the formation of a “petal-like” cell structure. During the foaming saturation process, the melted portion of iPB-1 with unstable crystalline form II transforms into crystalline form I′ under high-pressure CO2, while the unmelted portion transforms into crystalline form I. As the pressure increases, the cell structure of iPB-1 undergoes a transition from “petal-like” to bimodal cell structure, ultimately achieving a more uniform structure. Moreover, increasing foaming pressure can also change the cell structure of the foamed material from closed-cell to open-cell. The occurrence of bimodal melting peaks in the foamed samples is beneficial for the adhesion of beads during the molding process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:15:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d6fa0afcae14d8aa24a2bb53418e4b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-9839 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:15:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of CO2 Utilization |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d6fa0afcae14d8aa24a2bb53418e4b02023-08-09T04:32:49ZengElsevierJournal of CO2 Utilization2212-98392023-08-0174102546Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1Weijie Li0Zheng Gong1Kaiwen Wu2Ling Zhao3Dongdong Hu4State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaCorresponding author.; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaAs a polycrystalline polymer, isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) will form different crystalline structures when it crystallizes under different conditions. In this work, we found a simple method to manipulate the cell structure of iPB-1 foams by controlling the annealing time of crystalline form II at room temperature and employing supercritical CO2 foaming. As the content of crystalline form II increases, the storage modulus (G′) and complex viscosity (|η * |) increase, and the solubility of CO2 in iPB-1 increases. Crystalline form II has a wider foaming temperature window compared to crystalline form I and exhibits a more uniform cell structure at temperatures between 95 °C and 125 °C. The average cell diameters of crystalline form II and I are 33.9 µm and 11.2 µm at 115 °C and 15 MPa CO2, respectively. A small amount of crystalline form I acts as a heterogeneous nucleation agent during the foaming process, resulting in the formation of a “petal-like” cell structure. During the foaming saturation process, the melted portion of iPB-1 with unstable crystalline form II transforms into crystalline form I′ under high-pressure CO2, while the unmelted portion transforms into crystalline form I. As the pressure increases, the cell structure of iPB-1 undergoes a transition from “petal-like” to bimodal cell structure, ultimately achieving a more uniform structure. Moreover, increasing foaming pressure can also change the cell structure of the foamed material from closed-cell to open-cell. The occurrence of bimodal melting peaks in the foamed samples is beneficial for the adhesion of beads during the molding process.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001579Isotactic polybutene-1Supercritical CO2 foamingCrystalline transformationCell morphology |
| spellingShingle | Weijie Li Zheng Gong Kaiwen Wu Ling Zhao Dongdong Hu Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 Journal of CO2 Utilization Isotactic polybutene-1 Supercritical CO2 foaming Crystalline transformation Cell morphology |
| title | Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 |
| title_full | Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 |
| title_fullStr | Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 |
| title_short | Effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical CO2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene-1 |
| title_sort | effect of crystalline transformation on supercritical co2 foaming and cell morphology of isotactic polybutene 1 |
| topic | Isotactic polybutene-1 Supercritical CO2 foaming Crystalline transformation Cell morphology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001579 |
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