Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment
BackgroundDysfunction in the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems are commonly seen in aging and are associated with dementia. The impact of sensory loss(es) on cognition is not well understood. Our aim was to assess the relationships between performance on objective multisensory testing and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.910062/full |
| _version_ | 1818488973648986112 |
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| author | Jacob C. Lucas Zack Arambula Alexandra M. Arambula Katherine Yu Nathan Farrokhian Linda D'Silva Hinrich Staecker Jennifer A. Villwock |
| author_facet | Jacob C. Lucas Zack Arambula Alexandra M. Arambula Katherine Yu Nathan Farrokhian Linda D'Silva Hinrich Staecker Jennifer A. Villwock |
| author_sort | Jacob C. Lucas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDysfunction in the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems are commonly seen in aging and are associated with dementia. The impact of sensory loss(es) on cognition is not well understood. Our aim was to assess the relationships between performance on objective multisensory testing and quantify the impact of dysfunction on cognition.MethodsPatients presenting with subjective hearing loss presenting to a tertiary care otologic/audiologic clinic were identified and underwent multisensory testing using the Affordable, Rapid Olfactory Measurement Array (AROMA), pure tone audiometric evaluations, and the Timed “Up and Go” test. Cognitive impairment (CI) was assessed via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was also administered.Key Results180 patients were enrolled. Thirty one percentage (n = 57) screened positive for cognitive impairment. When evaluating single sensory impairments, we found that olfactory dysfunction, gait impairment, and sensorineural hearing loss were all statistically significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment (ORs 3.89, 3.49, and 2.78, respectively) for CI. Multisensory impairment was significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Subjects with dysfunction in all domains were at the highest risk for cognitive impairment (OR 15.7, p < 0.001) vs. those with impairment in 2 domains (OR 5.32, p < 0.001).ConclusionDysfunction of the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems is associated with a significantly increased risk of CI. The dramatically increased risk of CI with multisensory dysfunction in all three systems indicated that MSD may synergistically contribute to CI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:57:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d79582018db432a9bab9f362b245768 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:57:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d79582018db432a9bab9f362b2457682022-12-22T01:40:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-07-011310.3389/fneur.2022.910062910062Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive ImpairmentJacob C. Lucas0Zack Arambula1Alexandra M. Arambula2Katherine Yu3Nathan Farrokhian4Linda D'Silva5Hinrich Staecker6Jennifer A. Villwock7Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United StatesBackgroundDysfunction in the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems are commonly seen in aging and are associated with dementia. The impact of sensory loss(es) on cognition is not well understood. Our aim was to assess the relationships between performance on objective multisensory testing and quantify the impact of dysfunction on cognition.MethodsPatients presenting with subjective hearing loss presenting to a tertiary care otologic/audiologic clinic were identified and underwent multisensory testing using the Affordable, Rapid Olfactory Measurement Array (AROMA), pure tone audiometric evaluations, and the Timed “Up and Go” test. Cognitive impairment (CI) was assessed via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was also administered.Key Results180 patients were enrolled. Thirty one percentage (n = 57) screened positive for cognitive impairment. When evaluating single sensory impairments, we found that olfactory dysfunction, gait impairment, and sensorineural hearing loss were all statistically significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment (ORs 3.89, 3.49, and 2.78, respectively) for CI. Multisensory impairment was significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Subjects with dysfunction in all domains were at the highest risk for cognitive impairment (OR 15.7, p < 0.001) vs. those with impairment in 2 domains (OR 5.32, p < 0.001).ConclusionDysfunction of the olfactory, auditory, and vestibular systems is associated with a significantly increased risk of CI. The dramatically increased risk of CI with multisensory dysfunction in all three systems indicated that MSD may synergistically contribute to CI.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.910062/fullmultisensory impairmentage-related hearing impairmentvestibular impairmentolfactory impairmentcognitive impairmentAROMA |
| spellingShingle | Jacob C. Lucas Zack Arambula Alexandra M. Arambula Katherine Yu Nathan Farrokhian Linda D'Silva Hinrich Staecker Jennifer A. Villwock Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment Frontiers in Neurology multisensory impairment age-related hearing impairment vestibular impairment olfactory impairment cognitive impairment AROMA |
| title | Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full | Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment |
| title_fullStr | Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment |
| title_short | Olfactory, Auditory, and Vestibular Performance: Multisensory Impairment Is Significantly Associated With Incident Cognitive Impairment |
| title_sort | olfactory auditory and vestibular performance multisensory impairment is significantly associated with incident cognitive impairment |
| topic | multisensory impairment age-related hearing impairment vestibular impairment olfactory impairment cognitive impairment AROMA |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.910062/full |
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