Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were fabricated using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. leaf extract, belonging to the variety HM 425, as leaf extracts are a rich source of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and sugars, which function as reducing, stabilizing, and capping age...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3480 |
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| author | Monika Moond Sushila Singh Seema Sangwan Savita Rani Anuradha Beniwal Jyoti Rani Anita Kumari Indu Rani Parvesh Devi |
| author_facet | Monika Moond Sushila Singh Seema Sangwan Savita Rani Anuradha Beniwal Jyoti Rani Anita Kumari Indu Rani Parvesh Devi |
| author_sort | Monika Moond |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were fabricated using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. leaf extract, belonging to the variety HM 425, as leaf extracts are a rich source of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and sugars, which function as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs. These phytochemicals were quantitatively determined in leaf extracts, and then, their ability to mediate AgNP biosynthesis was assessed. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of as-synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, a particle size analyzer (PSA), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), HRTEM (high-resolution transmission electron microscopy), and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). HRTEM analysis demonstrated the formation of spherically shaped AgNPs with a diameter of 4–22 nm. By using the well diffusion method, the antimicrobial potency of AgNPs and leaf extract was evaluated against microbial strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas</i> spp., <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. AgNPs showed significant antioxidant efficacy with IC<sub>50</sub> = 426.25 µg/mL in comparison to leaf extract with IC<sub>50</sub> = 432.50 µg/mL against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The AgNPs (64.36 mg AAE/g) demonstrated greater total antioxidant capacity using the phosphomolybdneum assay compared to the aqueous leaf extract (55.61 mg AAE/g) at a concentration of 1100 μg/mL. Based on these findings, AgNPs may indeed be useful for biomedical applications and drug delivery systems in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:46Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d7a81d18dd8422899ac9b7e4865ade72023-11-16T21:00:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244348010.3390/ijms24043480Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant ActivitiesMonika Moond0Sushila Singh1Seema Sangwan2Savita Rani3Anuradha Beniwal4Jyoti Rani5Anita Kumari6Indu Rani7Parvesh Devi8Department of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, IndiaSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were fabricated using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. leaf extract, belonging to the variety HM 425, as leaf extracts are a rich source of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and sugars, which function as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs. These phytochemicals were quantitatively determined in leaf extracts, and then, their ability to mediate AgNP biosynthesis was assessed. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of as-synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, a particle size analyzer (PSA), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), HRTEM (high-resolution transmission electron microscopy), and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). HRTEM analysis demonstrated the formation of spherically shaped AgNPs with a diameter of 4–22 nm. By using the well diffusion method, the antimicrobial potency of AgNPs and leaf extract was evaluated against microbial strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas</i> spp., <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. AgNPs showed significant antioxidant efficacy with IC<sub>50</sub> = 426.25 µg/mL in comparison to leaf extract with IC<sub>50</sub> = 432.50 µg/mL against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The AgNPs (64.36 mg AAE/g) demonstrated greater total antioxidant capacity using the phosphomolybdneum assay compared to the aqueous leaf extract (55.61 mg AAE/g) at a concentration of 1100 μg/mL. Based on these findings, AgNPs may indeed be useful for biomedical applications and drug delivery systems in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3480silver nanoparticlesphytochemicalsantimicrobialantioxidant |
| spellingShingle | Monika Moond Sushila Singh Seema Sangwan Savita Rani Anuradha Beniwal Jyoti Rani Anita Kumari Indu Rani Parvesh Devi Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities International Journal of Molecular Sciences silver nanoparticles phytochemicals antimicrobial antioxidant |
| title | Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities |
| title_full | Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities |
| title_fullStr | Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities |
| title_short | Phytofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i> L. Leaf and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities |
| title_sort | phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles using i trigonella foenum graceum i l leaf and evaluation of its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities |
| topic | silver nanoparticles phytochemicals antimicrobial antioxidant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3480 |
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