Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19
In this study, we investigate the temporal variations in columnar aerosol pollutants and their possible association with the simultaneously measured black carbon (BC) aerosol mass concentration and associated biomass burning (BB) over urban (Delhi) and rural (Panchgaon) sites during the lockdown pha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.826799/full |
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| author | Sunil M. Sonbawne Suvarna Fadnavis K. Vijayakumar Panuganti C. S. Devara Prashant Chavan |
| author_facet | Sunil M. Sonbawne Suvarna Fadnavis K. Vijayakumar Panuganti C. S. Devara Prashant Chavan |
| author_sort | Sunil M. Sonbawne |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we investigate the temporal variations in columnar aerosol pollutants and their possible association with the simultaneously measured black carbon (BC) aerosol mass concentration and associated biomass burning (BB) over urban (Delhi) and rural (Panchgaon) sites during the lockdown phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also show the impact of lockdown measures on boundary layer ozone and its primary precursors, NO2, and water vapor (H2O), potent greenhouse gases that destroy protective ozone. For this purpose, we used multiple datasets, namely, black carbon (BC) aerosol mass concentration and biomass burning (BB) aerosols using an aethalometer at Amity University Haryana (AUH), Panchgaon, India, and satellite retrievals from NASA’s MODIS and OMI at both the stations. The analysis was conducted during the pre-lockdown period (1–25 March), lockdown 1st phase (25 March–14 April), lockdown 2nd phase (15 April–3 May), lockdown 3rd phase (4–17 May), lockdown 4th phase (18–31 May), and post-lockdown (1–30 June) period in 2020. Our diagnostic analysis shows a substantial reduction in AOD (Delhi: −20% to −80%, Panchgaon: −20% to −80%) and NO2 (Delhi: −10% to −42.03%, Panchgaon −10% to −46.54%) in comparison with climatology (2010–2019) during all four phases of lockdown. The reduction in AOD is attributed to lockdown measures and less transport of dust from west Asia than climatology. Despite a reduction in NO2, there is an increase in the ozone amount (Delhi: 1% to 8% and Panchgaon: 1% to 10%) during lockdown I, II, and III phases. The observed enhancement in ozone may be resultant from the complex photochemical processes that involve the presence of NO2, CO, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and water vapor. The reduction in AOD and NO2 and enhancement in ozone are stronger at the rural site, Panchgaon than that at the urban site, Delhi. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:22:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d7ebb36b68942b8b675dcbe247c9a37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:22:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d7ebb36b68942b8b675dcbe247c9a372022-12-22T02:50:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-04-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.826799826799Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19Sunil M. Sonbawne0Suvarna Fadnavis1K. Vijayakumar2Panuganti C. S. Devara3Prashant Chavan4Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, IndiaDepartment of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University (SVU), Tirupati, IndiaCentre of Excellence in Ocean-Atmospheric Science and Technology (ACOAST)/Environmental Science and Health (ACESH), Amity University Haryana (AUH), Gurugram, IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, IndiaIn this study, we investigate the temporal variations in columnar aerosol pollutants and their possible association with the simultaneously measured black carbon (BC) aerosol mass concentration and associated biomass burning (BB) over urban (Delhi) and rural (Panchgaon) sites during the lockdown phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also show the impact of lockdown measures on boundary layer ozone and its primary precursors, NO2, and water vapor (H2O), potent greenhouse gases that destroy protective ozone. For this purpose, we used multiple datasets, namely, black carbon (BC) aerosol mass concentration and biomass burning (BB) aerosols using an aethalometer at Amity University Haryana (AUH), Panchgaon, India, and satellite retrievals from NASA’s MODIS and OMI at both the stations. The analysis was conducted during the pre-lockdown period (1–25 March), lockdown 1st phase (25 March–14 April), lockdown 2nd phase (15 April–3 May), lockdown 3rd phase (4–17 May), lockdown 4th phase (18–31 May), and post-lockdown (1–30 June) period in 2020. Our diagnostic analysis shows a substantial reduction in AOD (Delhi: −20% to −80%, Panchgaon: −20% to −80%) and NO2 (Delhi: −10% to −42.03%, Panchgaon −10% to −46.54%) in comparison with climatology (2010–2019) during all four phases of lockdown. The reduction in AOD is attributed to lockdown measures and less transport of dust from west Asia than climatology. Despite a reduction in NO2, there is an increase in the ozone amount (Delhi: 1% to 8% and Panchgaon: 1% to 10%) during lockdown I, II, and III phases. The observed enhancement in ozone may be resultant from the complex photochemical processes that involve the presence of NO2, CO, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and water vapor. The reduction in AOD and NO2 and enhancement in ozone are stronger at the rural site, Panchgaon than that at the urban site, Delhi.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.826799/fullaerosol pollutionMODISOMIaethalometerCOVID-19 lockdownAOD |
| spellingShingle | Sunil M. Sonbawne Suvarna Fadnavis K. Vijayakumar Panuganti C. S. Devara Prashant Chavan Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 Frontiers in Environmental Science aerosol pollution MODIS OMI aethalometer COVID-19 lockdown AOD |
| title | Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 |
| title_full | Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 |
| title_short | Phase-Resolved Lockdown Features of Pollution Parameters Over an Urban and Adjoining Rural Region During COVID-19 |
| title_sort | phase resolved lockdown features of pollution parameters over an urban and adjoining rural region during covid 19 |
| topic | aerosol pollution MODIS OMI aethalometer COVID-19 lockdown AOD |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.826799/full |
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