Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>
In the context of human food shortages, the incorporation of non-grain feedstuff in fish feed deserves more research attention. Here, the feasibility and appropriate ratio of non-grain compound protein (NGCP, containing bovine bone meal, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and blood cell meal) for diet...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/10/1704 |
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| author | Zeliang Su Yongcai Ma Fang Chen Wenqiang An Guanrong Zhang Chao Xu Dizhi Xie Shuqi Wang Yuanyou Li |
| author_facet | Zeliang Su Yongcai Ma Fang Chen Wenqiang An Guanrong Zhang Chao Xu Dizhi Xie Shuqi Wang Yuanyou Li |
| author_sort | Zeliang Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the context of human food shortages, the incorporation of non-grain feedstuff in fish feed deserves more research attention. Here, the feasibility and appropriate ratio of non-grain compound protein (NGCP, containing bovine bone meal, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and blood cell meal) for dietary fishmeal (FM) replacement were explored in golden pompano (<i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>). Four isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (12%) diets (Control, 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP) were prepared. Control contained 24% FM, whereas the FM content of 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP was 18%, 12%, and 6%, respectively, representing a 25%, 50%, and 75% replacement of FM in Control by NGCP. Juvenile golden pompano (initial weight: 9.71 ± 0.04 g) were fed the four diets for 65 days in sea cages. There was no significant difference between the 25NGP and Control groups in terms of weight gain, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate; contents of crude protein, crude lipid, moisture, and ash in muscle and whole fish; muscle textural properties including hardness, chewiness, gumminess, tenderness, springiness, and cohesiveness; and serum biochemical indexes including total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. However, the golden pompano in 50NGP and 75NGP experienced nutritional stress, and thus some indicators were negatively affected. In addition, compared to the Control group, the expression levels of genes related to protein metabolism (<i>mtor</i>, <i>s6k1</i>, and <i>4e-bp1</i>) and lipid metabolism (<i>pparγ</i>, <i>fas</i>, <i>srebp1</i>, and <i>acc1</i>) of the 25NGP group showed no significant difference, but the <i>4e-bp1</i> and <i>pparγ</i> of the 75NGP group were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05), which may explain the decline in fish growth performance and muscle quality after 75% FM was replaced by NGCP. The results suggest that at least 25% FM of Control can be replaced by NGCP, achieving a dietary FM content of as low as 18%; however, the replacement of more than 50% of the dietary FM negatively affects the growth and muscle quality of golden pompano. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:00:26Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:00:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3d860507a3784a61b2d7797f99d2e7532023-11-18T00:11:04ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-05-011310170410.3390/ani13101704Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>Zeliang Su0Yongcai Ma1Fang Chen2Wenqiang An3Guanrong Zhang4Chao Xu5Dizhi Xie6Shuqi Wang7Yuanyou Li8University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on MBCE, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaIn the context of human food shortages, the incorporation of non-grain feedstuff in fish feed deserves more research attention. Here, the feasibility and appropriate ratio of non-grain compound protein (NGCP, containing bovine bone meal, dephenolized cottonseed protein, and blood cell meal) for dietary fishmeal (FM) replacement were explored in golden pompano (<i>Trachinotus ovatus</i>). Four isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (12%) diets (Control, 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP) were prepared. Control contained 24% FM, whereas the FM content of 25NGP, 50NGP, and 75NGP was 18%, 12%, and 6%, respectively, representing a 25%, 50%, and 75% replacement of FM in Control by NGCP. Juvenile golden pompano (initial weight: 9.71 ± 0.04 g) were fed the four diets for 65 days in sea cages. There was no significant difference between the 25NGP and Control groups in terms of weight gain, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate; contents of crude protein, crude lipid, moisture, and ash in muscle and whole fish; muscle textural properties including hardness, chewiness, gumminess, tenderness, springiness, and cohesiveness; and serum biochemical indexes including total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. However, the golden pompano in 50NGP and 75NGP experienced nutritional stress, and thus some indicators were negatively affected. In addition, compared to the Control group, the expression levels of genes related to protein metabolism (<i>mtor</i>, <i>s6k1</i>, and <i>4e-bp1</i>) and lipid metabolism (<i>pparγ</i>, <i>fas</i>, <i>srebp1</i>, and <i>acc1</i>) of the 25NGP group showed no significant difference, but the <i>4e-bp1</i> and <i>pparγ</i> of the 75NGP group were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05), which may explain the decline in fish growth performance and muscle quality after 75% FM was replaced by NGCP. The results suggest that at least 25% FM of Control can be replaced by NGCP, achieving a dietary FM content of as low as 18%; however, the replacement of more than 50% of the dietary FM negatively affects the growth and muscle quality of golden pompano.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/10/1704fishmeal replacementgrowth performancenon-grain proteinprotein sourcesserum biochemical indexestextural properties |
| spellingShingle | Zeliang Su Yongcai Ma Fang Chen Wenqiang An Guanrong Zhang Chao Xu Dizhi Xie Shuqi Wang Yuanyou Li Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> Animals fishmeal replacement growth performance non-grain protein protein sources serum biochemical indexes textural properties |
| title | Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> |
| title_full | Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> |
| title_short | Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost <i>Trachinotus ovatus</i> |
| title_sort | dietary fishmeal can be partially replaced with non grain compound proteins through evaluating the growth biochemical indexes and muscle quality in marine teleost i trachinotus ovatus i |
| topic | fishmeal replacement growth performance non-grain protein protein sources serum biochemical indexes textural properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/10/1704 |
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