Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates.
Available literature identifies the need for a deeper understanding of the role of gender, age and socioeconomic status in children's exposure to violence and associations with mental health (MH) outcomes. The 1548 participants for this study were enrolled from 28 public charter schools and 9 c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2019-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224499 |
| _version_ | 1797653880574574592 |
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| author | Erica L Gollub Jakevia Green Lisa Richardson Ilyssa Kaplan Denese Shervington |
| author_facet | Erica L Gollub Jakevia Green Lisa Richardson Ilyssa Kaplan Denese Shervington |
| author_sort | Erica L Gollub |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Available literature identifies the need for a deeper understanding of the role of gender, age and socioeconomic status in children's exposure to violence and associations with mental health (MH) outcomes. The 1548 participants for this study were enrolled from 28 public charter schools and 9 community-based settings; youth were administered a screener that assessed exposure to traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Respondents reported extremely high levels of exposure to indirect violence: 41.7% witnessed shooting/stabbing/beating; 18.3% witnessed murder; and 53.8% experienced the murder of someone close. Frequency of adverse MH outcomes was high: 21.2% screened positive for depression; 45.7% for lifetime PTSD; and 26.9% for current PTSD. More males than females reported witnessing shooting/stabbing/beating (p = .04); females more often reported experiencing the murder of someone close (p = .001). Indirect violence exposure generally increased with age. Youth attending schools with ≥90% free/reduced lunch participation (FRLP) showed significantly higher levels of violence exposure compared to youth in schools with <90% FRLP. Females endorsed significantly higher levels of depression (21.4% vs. 9.7%), and lifetime (53.9% vs. 34.9%) and current (32.5% vs. 19.6%) PTSD, compared with males (p < .0001, all comparisons). Female sex (aOR = 2.6), FRLP (aOR = 1.4 for ≥90% vs. <90%) and the number of different indirect violence exposures (aORs from 1.3 to 10.4), were significantly associated with a positive screen for any adverse MH outcome. Our data add important insights into gender heterogeneity of viewed violence, mental health symptoms, and their association-all of which are critical to guiding effective intervention efforts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:51:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d878ac054174fb4ad9b3dff1372b1ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:51:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d878ac054174fb4ad9b3dff1372b1ce2023-10-21T05:32:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032019-01-011411e022449910.1371/journal.pone.0224499Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates.Erica L GollubJakevia GreenLisa RichardsonIlyssa KaplanDenese ShervingtonAvailable literature identifies the need for a deeper understanding of the role of gender, age and socioeconomic status in children's exposure to violence and associations with mental health (MH) outcomes. The 1548 participants for this study were enrolled from 28 public charter schools and 9 community-based settings; youth were administered a screener that assessed exposure to traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Respondents reported extremely high levels of exposure to indirect violence: 41.7% witnessed shooting/stabbing/beating; 18.3% witnessed murder; and 53.8% experienced the murder of someone close. Frequency of adverse MH outcomes was high: 21.2% screened positive for depression; 45.7% for lifetime PTSD; and 26.9% for current PTSD. More males than females reported witnessing shooting/stabbing/beating (p = .04); females more often reported experiencing the murder of someone close (p = .001). Indirect violence exposure generally increased with age. Youth attending schools with ≥90% free/reduced lunch participation (FRLP) showed significantly higher levels of violence exposure compared to youth in schools with <90% FRLP. Females endorsed significantly higher levels of depression (21.4% vs. 9.7%), and lifetime (53.9% vs. 34.9%) and current (32.5% vs. 19.6%) PTSD, compared with males (p < .0001, all comparisons). Female sex (aOR = 2.6), FRLP (aOR = 1.4 for ≥90% vs. <90%) and the number of different indirect violence exposures (aORs from 1.3 to 10.4), were significantly associated with a positive screen for any adverse MH outcome. Our data add important insights into gender heterogeneity of viewed violence, mental health symptoms, and their association-all of which are critical to guiding effective intervention efforts.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224499 |
| spellingShingle | Erica L Gollub Jakevia Green Lisa Richardson Ilyssa Kaplan Denese Shervington Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. PLoS ONE |
| title | Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. |
| title_full | Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. |
| title_fullStr | Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. |
| title_short | Indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public-school population: Prevalence and correlates. |
| title_sort | indirect violence exposure and mental health symptoms among an urban public school population prevalence and correlates |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224499 |
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