The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review
Hemostatic balance refers to the dynamic balance between blood clot formation (coagulation), blood clot dissolution (fibrinolysis), anticoagulation, and innate immunity. Although regular habitual exercise may lower the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by improving an individual’s hemostati...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Sports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/11/4/74 |
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| author | Apostolos Z. Skouras Dimitrios Antonakis-Karamintzas Andreas G. Tsantes Athanasios Triantafyllou Georgios Papagiannis Charilaos Tsolakis Panagiotis Koulouvaris |
| author_facet | Apostolos Z. Skouras Dimitrios Antonakis-Karamintzas Andreas G. Tsantes Athanasios Triantafyllou Georgios Papagiannis Charilaos Tsolakis Panagiotis Koulouvaris |
| author_sort | Apostolos Z. Skouras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hemostatic balance refers to the dynamic balance between blood clot formation (coagulation), blood clot dissolution (fibrinolysis), anticoagulation, and innate immunity. Although regular habitual exercise may lower the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by improving an individual’s hemostatic profile at rest and during exertion, vigorous exercise may increase the risk of sudden cardiac death and venous thromboembolism (VTE). This literature review aims to investigate the hemostatic system’s acute and chronic adaptive responses to different types of exercise in healthy and patient populations. Compared to athletes, sedentary healthy individuals demonstrate similar post-exercise responses in platelet function and coagulatory and fibrinolytic potential. However, hemostatic adaptations of patients with chronic diseases in regular training is a promising field. Despite the increased risk of thrombotic events during an acute bout of vigorous exercise, regular exposure to high-intensity exercise might desensitize exercise-induced platelet aggregation, moderate coagulatory parameters, and up-regulate fibrinolytic potential via increasing tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and decreasing plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) response. Future research might focus on combining different types of exercise, manipulating each training characteristic (frequency, intensity, time, and volume), or investigating the minimal exercise dosage required to maintain hemostatic balance, especially in patients with various health conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:31:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3d8df994a41b4393b4a1fdb16090dcc2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4663 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:31:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sports |
| spelling | doaj.art-3d8df994a41b4393b4a1fdb16090dcc22023-11-17T21:22:30ZengMDPI AGSports2075-46632023-03-011147410.3390/sports11040074The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief ReviewApostolos Z. Skouras0Dimitrios Antonakis-Karamintzas1Andreas G. Tsantes2Athanasios Triantafyllou3Georgios Papagiannis4Charilaos Tsolakis5Panagiotis Koulouvaris6Sports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceSports Excellence, 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, GreeceHemostatic balance refers to the dynamic balance between blood clot formation (coagulation), blood clot dissolution (fibrinolysis), anticoagulation, and innate immunity. Although regular habitual exercise may lower the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by improving an individual’s hemostatic profile at rest and during exertion, vigorous exercise may increase the risk of sudden cardiac death and venous thromboembolism (VTE). This literature review aims to investigate the hemostatic system’s acute and chronic adaptive responses to different types of exercise in healthy and patient populations. Compared to athletes, sedentary healthy individuals demonstrate similar post-exercise responses in platelet function and coagulatory and fibrinolytic potential. However, hemostatic adaptations of patients with chronic diseases in regular training is a promising field. Despite the increased risk of thrombotic events during an acute bout of vigorous exercise, regular exposure to high-intensity exercise might desensitize exercise-induced platelet aggregation, moderate coagulatory parameters, and up-regulate fibrinolytic potential via increasing tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and decreasing plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) response. Future research might focus on combining different types of exercise, manipulating each training characteristic (frequency, intensity, time, and volume), or investigating the minimal exercise dosage required to maintain hemostatic balance, especially in patients with various health conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/11/4/74hemostasiscoagulationfibrinolysisplateletsexercisetraining |
| spellingShingle | Apostolos Z. Skouras Dimitrios Antonakis-Karamintzas Andreas G. Tsantes Athanasios Triantafyllou Georgios Papagiannis Charilaos Tsolakis Panagiotis Koulouvaris The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review Sports hemostasis coagulation fibrinolysis platelets exercise training |
| title | The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review |
| title_full | The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review |
| title_fullStr | The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review |
| title_short | The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Hemostatic Balance: A Brief Review |
| title_sort | acute and chronic effects of resistance and aerobic exercise in hemostatic balance a brief review |
| topic | hemostasis coagulation fibrinolysis platelets exercise training |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/11/4/74 |
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