Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Sterile Body Fluids from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Sterile body sites are those where no microorganisms exist as commensals in an otherwise healthy person. Isolation of microorganisms from these sites can indicate either pathological agents or contaminants from the skin. Sterile body fluids are frequently received in microbiology...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18751/66938_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(SHK_RDW_IS)_PF1(AG_OM)_PB(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Sterile body sites are those where no
microorganisms exist as commensals in an otherwise healthy
person. Isolation of microorganisms from these sites can
indicate either pathological agents or contaminants from the
skin. Sterile body fluids are frequently received in microbiology
laboratories for culture and sensitivity testing, as the isolation
of pathogens from these sites is associated with significant
mortality and morbidity.
Aim: To assess the current scenario of aerobic bacteriological
profiles and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in various
sterile body fluids at a tertiary care hospital in Bhubaneswar,
Odisha, India.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based observational
study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at
a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The
study duration was one year, from January 2022 to December
2022. A total of 450 body fluid samples were collected from
567 patients, of which 117 samples did not meet the inclusion
criteria. Out of the 450 samples, 315 were from male patients
and 135 were from female patients. All infected body fluids
received from clinically diagnosed cases, irrespective of age
and gender, were included. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method
following the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standards
Institute (CLSI). Sterile body fluids were collected with complete
aseptic precautions and processed in the Department of
Microbiology using standard laboratory procedures. Statistical
data analysis was conducted using MS Excel and Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0. A p-value
<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 450 clinical samples were processed,
of which 153 (34%) were peritoneal fluid, 92 (20.5%) were
synovial fluid, 77 (17.1%) were pleural fluids, 118 (26.2%)
were Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), and 10 (2.2%) were pericardial
fluid. In the present study, 126 (28%) pathogens were isolated
from the 450 processed samples, with gram negative bacilli
being the predominant isolates (88/126, 69.8%), while the
remaining 38/126 (30.2%) were gram-positive isolates. Among
the 88 gram negative isolates, Escherichia coli was the most
common (27, 21.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23,
18.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14, 11.1%), Acinetobacter
spp. (12, 9.5%), Enterobacter spp. (7, 5.6%), and Citrobacter
spp. (5, 4.0%). Similarly, among the gram-positive isolates,
Staphylococcus aureus was the most common (20, 15.9%),
followed by Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CONS) (16,
12.7%) and Enterococcus spp. (2, 1.6%). Gram negative
isolates showed 100% sensitivity to colistin and polymyxin
B, followed by imipenem (90%) and cefepime (80%). Grampositive isolates exhibited 100% sensitivity to linezolid, followed
by vancomycin.
Conclusion: Early identification of pathogens from these sites,
along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns, will help
clinicians initiate targeted therapy. This approach can reduce
hospital stays for patients and minimise the development of
drug resistance. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |