Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Interplay exists between the risk factors of Agerelated Macular Degeneration (AMD) and the factors influencing Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD) level. Early diagnosis and antioxidants supplementation is the only intervention which may possibly slow down the macular degeneratio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14862/46330_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(MG_SHU)_PN(KM).pdf |
| _version_ | 1818601058857910272 |
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| author | POOJA GOYAL MITASHA SINGH SHASHI VASHISHTH SATISH JAYERIA |
| author_facet | POOJA GOYAL MITASHA SINGH SHASHI VASHISHTH SATISH JAYERIA |
| author_sort | POOJA GOYAL |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Interplay exists between the risk factors of Agerelated Macular Degeneration (AMD) and the factors influencing
Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD) level. Early diagnosis
and antioxidants supplementation is the only intervention which
may possibly slow down the macular degeneration.
Aim: To measure MPOD and study the possible risk factors
associated with subnormal MPOD among adults patients
attending Outpatient Department (OPD).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted
among patients aged 20 years and above who visited
Ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care centre during the month of
August (between 1st to 31st) 2018. Only those having Best-Corrected
Visual Acuity (BCVA) better than 6/60 were enrolled for the study.
MPOD was measured using a macular densitometer (Macular Matrics
II, USA). Patients found to have subnormal MPOD further underwent
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and fundus. Fischer’s-exact
and Chi-Square tests were applied wherever applicable; differences
were considered to be statistically significant at p-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 82 patients participated in the present study.
Total of 45.1% participants were found to have subnormal MPOD
using macular densitometer. Prevalence was least among <30
years of age (nil) and maximum after 50 years (58.8%) (p<0.05).
Trends revealed that subnormal MPOD was more frequent among
smokers (p=0.13), vegetarians (p=0.38) and those who were
malnourished (under or over weight) (p=0.15), though not found to
be statistically significant. Non-modifiable risk factors, an inverse
relationship was observed between age and MPOD levels.
Conclusion: The study noted associations between subnormal
MPOD and multiple risk factors, several of which are modifiable
factors. These modifiable risk factors included smoking and
malnourishment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:45:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3da637043fb441e4800905ffdab85f7d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:45:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-3da637043fb441e4800905ffdab85f7d2022-12-21T22:31:19ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2021-05-01155NC04NC0710.7860/JCDR/2021/46330.14862Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional StudyPOOJA GOYAL0MITASHA SINGH1SHASHI VASHISHTH2SATISH JAYERIA3Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Esic Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Esic Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Esic Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Esic Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.Introduction: Interplay exists between the risk factors of Agerelated Macular Degeneration (AMD) and the factors influencing Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD) level. Early diagnosis and antioxidants supplementation is the only intervention which may possibly slow down the macular degeneration. Aim: To measure MPOD and study the possible risk factors associated with subnormal MPOD among adults patients attending Outpatient Department (OPD). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients aged 20 years and above who visited Ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care centre during the month of August (between 1st to 31st) 2018. Only those having Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) better than 6/60 were enrolled for the study. MPOD was measured using a macular densitometer (Macular Matrics II, USA). Patients found to have subnormal MPOD further underwent Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and fundus. Fischer’s-exact and Chi-Square tests were applied wherever applicable; differences were considered to be statistically significant at p-value <0.05. Results: A total of 82 patients participated in the present study. Total of 45.1% participants were found to have subnormal MPOD using macular densitometer. Prevalence was least among <30 years of age (nil) and maximum after 50 years (58.8%) (p<0.05). Trends revealed that subnormal MPOD was more frequent among smokers (p=0.13), vegetarians (p=0.38) and those who were malnourished (under or over weight) (p=0.15), though not found to be statistically significant. Non-modifiable risk factors, an inverse relationship was observed between age and MPOD levels. Conclusion: The study noted associations between subnormal MPOD and multiple risk factors, several of which are modifiable factors. These modifiable risk factors included smoking and malnourishment.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14862/46330_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(MG_SHU)_PN(KM).pdfage related macular degenerationmacular densitometerscreening |
| spellingShingle | POOJA GOYAL MITASHA SINGH SHASHI VASHISHTH SATISH JAYERIA Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research age related macular degeneration macular densitometer screening |
| title | Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Macular Pigment Optical Density and its Determinants among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | macular pigment optical density and its determinants among adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | age related macular degeneration macular densitometer screening |
| url | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14862/46330_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(MG_SHU)_PN(KM).pdf |
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