The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions
Abstract Background Previously, researchers reported performance enhancements following long-term plyometric training in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (LCA). However, the effects of combined eccentric and plyometric training on measures of isokinetic strength and psychologi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00645-z |
| _version_ | 1797853643186110464 |
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| author | Sofien Kasmi Dorsaf Sariati Raouf Hammami Cain C. T. Clark Mokhtar Chtara Amri Hammami Fatma Zohra Ben Salah Ayoub Saeidi Omar Ben Ounis Urs Granacher Hassane Zouhal |
| author_facet | Sofien Kasmi Dorsaf Sariati Raouf Hammami Cain C. T. Clark Mokhtar Chtara Amri Hammami Fatma Zohra Ben Salah Ayoub Saeidi Omar Ben Ounis Urs Granacher Hassane Zouhal |
| author_sort | Sofien Kasmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Previously, researchers reported performance enhancements following long-term plyometric training in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (LCA). However, the effects of combined eccentric and plyometric training on measures of isokinetic strength and psychological statues in male athletes have not been examined yet. Knowledge on the effects of combined eccentric and plyometric training help to better plan and program rehabilitations sessions and thus return-to-sports. Objective This study sought to compare the effects of three different rehabilitation training programs, eccentric training (ECC), plyometric training (PLYO), or combined eccentric and plyometric training (COMB), on psychological measures (kinesiophobia [TSK-CF], functional knee assessment, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score [KOOS], international knee documentation committee 2000 questionnaire [IKDC], and knee flexor and extensor isokinetic muscle performance (peak torque [PT], total work, ratio [R-HQ], and ratio of total work [R-TW]) at different angular velocities post ACL surgery in male elite athletes. Methods Forty elite male athletes from different sports (e.g., athletics, team sports) with ACL reconstruction participated in this study. The study started after a 14-weeks post-surgery rehabilitation program, which was identical for all subjects. After this initial rehabilitation period, athletes were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, ECC (n = 10), PLYO (n = 10), and COMB (n = 10), and a control group (CON: n = 10). Testing was conducted pre- and post-the 6-weeks intervention period and included the TSK-CF, KOOS, and IKDC. Peak torque of the knee extensors/flexors was tested at 90, 180, 240 °/s, after the 6-weeks training program only. Results Participants’ adherence rate was 100% across all groups and none reported any training or test-related injury. No significant between-group baseline differences (pre-6-weeks intervention) were observed for any of the reported psychological and muscle strength parameters. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for TSK-CF (p = 0.001, d = 2.85), KOOS (p = 0.001, d = 1.31), and IKDC (p = 0.001, d = 1.07). The post-hoc analyses indicated that COMB showed larger pre-post improvements for all psychological variables (p < 0.001, d = 2.95 to 13.15), compared with PLYO, ECC, and CON. Contrast analyses demonstrated that COMB yielded significantly greater improvements compared with CON, PLYO, ECC for all isokinetic parameters at all three angular velocities (all p < 0.001, d = 0.99 to 4.61). Conclusion The results showed that COMB induced greater gains for measures of psychological status and isokinetic muscle strength compared with single-mode PLYO and ECC in elite male athletes during a post-surgery ACL rehabilitation period. Accordingly, it is recommended to implement COMB as an effective rehabilitation means to improve knee function in male elite athletes. Trial registration This study does not report results related to health care interventions using human participants and therefore it was not prospectively registered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:54:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3dc007c11ab94b909db9c6f65e3ceaa8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2052-1847 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:54:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation |
| spelling | doaj.art-3dc007c11ab94b909db9c6f65e3ceaa82023-04-03T05:35:52ZengBMCBMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation2052-18472023-03-0115111110.1186/s13102-023-00645-zThe effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructionsSofien Kasmi0Dorsaf Sariati1Raouf Hammami2Cain C. T. Clark3Mokhtar Chtara4Amri Hammami5Fatma Zohra Ben Salah6Ayoub Saeidi7Omar Ben Ounis8Urs Granacher9Hassane Zouhal10Tunisian Research Laboratory ‘‘Sport Performance Optimization’’, National Center of Medicine and Science in SportsTunisian Research Laboratory ‘‘Sport Performance Optimization’’, National Center of Medicine and Science in SportsHigher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar SaïdCentre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry UniversityTunisian Research Laboratory ‘‘Sport Performance Optimization’’, National Center of Medicine and Science in SportsLaboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Ibn JazarDepartment of Physical Medicine and rehabilitation, Institute of Orthopedy M.T KassabDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of KurdistanTunisian Research Laboratory ‘‘Sport Performance Optimization’’, National Center of Medicine and Science in SportsDepartment of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of FreiburgM2S (Movement Sport Science Laboratory), Univ. RennesAbstract Background Previously, researchers reported performance enhancements following long-term plyometric training in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (LCA). However, the effects of combined eccentric and plyometric training on measures of isokinetic strength and psychological statues in male athletes have not been examined yet. Knowledge on the effects of combined eccentric and plyometric training help to better plan and program rehabilitations sessions and thus return-to-sports. Objective This study sought to compare the effects of three different rehabilitation training programs, eccentric training (ECC), plyometric training (PLYO), or combined eccentric and plyometric training (COMB), on psychological measures (kinesiophobia [TSK-CF], functional knee assessment, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score [KOOS], international knee documentation committee 2000 questionnaire [IKDC], and knee flexor and extensor isokinetic muscle performance (peak torque [PT], total work, ratio [R-HQ], and ratio of total work [R-TW]) at different angular velocities post ACL surgery in male elite athletes. Methods Forty elite male athletes from different sports (e.g., athletics, team sports) with ACL reconstruction participated in this study. The study started after a 14-weeks post-surgery rehabilitation program, which was identical for all subjects. After this initial rehabilitation period, athletes were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, ECC (n = 10), PLYO (n = 10), and COMB (n = 10), and a control group (CON: n = 10). Testing was conducted pre- and post-the 6-weeks intervention period and included the TSK-CF, KOOS, and IKDC. Peak torque of the knee extensors/flexors was tested at 90, 180, 240 °/s, after the 6-weeks training program only. Results Participants’ adherence rate was 100% across all groups and none reported any training or test-related injury. No significant between-group baseline differences (pre-6-weeks intervention) were observed for any of the reported psychological and muscle strength parameters. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for TSK-CF (p = 0.001, d = 2.85), KOOS (p = 0.001, d = 1.31), and IKDC (p = 0.001, d = 1.07). The post-hoc analyses indicated that COMB showed larger pre-post improvements for all psychological variables (p < 0.001, d = 2.95 to 13.15), compared with PLYO, ECC, and CON. Contrast analyses demonstrated that COMB yielded significantly greater improvements compared with CON, PLYO, ECC for all isokinetic parameters at all three angular velocities (all p < 0.001, d = 0.99 to 4.61). Conclusion The results showed that COMB induced greater gains for measures of psychological status and isokinetic muscle strength compared with single-mode PLYO and ECC in elite male athletes during a post-surgery ACL rehabilitation period. Accordingly, it is recommended to implement COMB as an effective rehabilitation means to improve knee function in male elite athletes. Trial registration This study does not report results related to health care interventions using human participants and therefore it was not prospectively registered.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00645-zInjuriesKinesiophobiaNeuromuscular trainingAthletic performanceMuscle strength |
| spellingShingle | Sofien Kasmi Dorsaf Sariati Raouf Hammami Cain C. T. Clark Mokhtar Chtara Amri Hammami Fatma Zohra Ben Salah Ayoub Saeidi Omar Ben Ounis Urs Granacher Hassane Zouhal The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation Injuries Kinesiophobia Neuromuscular training Athletic performance Muscle strength |
| title | The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| title_full | The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| title_fullStr | The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| title_short | The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| title_sort | effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions |
| topic | Injuries Kinesiophobia Neuromuscular training Athletic performance Muscle strength |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00645-z |
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