Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged ski racing using skating style on technique choice in a transition section among female and male high-level skiers. Fifty three national-to-elite level skiers (20 females: 26.7 ± 4.8 years, 167.0 ± 6.5 m, 61.0 ± 5.1 kg, and 75.5 ± 68.8...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspor.2020.00089/full |
| _version_ | 1818055198397956096 |
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| author | Luca Paolo Ardigò Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Tor Oskar Thomassen Andreas Kjæreng Winther Edvard Hamnvik Sagelv Sigurd Pedersen Tord Markussen Hammer Kim Arne Heitmann Odd-Egil Olsen Boye Welde |
| author_facet | Luca Paolo Ardigò Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Tor Oskar Thomassen Andreas Kjæreng Winther Edvard Hamnvik Sagelv Sigurd Pedersen Tord Markussen Hammer Kim Arne Heitmann Odd-Egil Olsen Boye Welde |
| author_sort | Luca Paolo Ardigò |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged ski racing using skating style on technique choice in a transition section among female and male high-level skiers. Fifty three national-to-elite level skiers (20 females: 26.7 ± 4.8 years, 167.0 ± 6.5 m, 61.0 ± 5.1 kg, and 75.5 ± 68.8 FIS points; 33 males: 25.2 ± 3.5 years, 179.0 ± 5.2 cm, 73.1 ± 5.7 kg, and 73.7 ± 63.2 FIS points) were video recorded along a flat-to-uphill transition section of a course during the 30-km (females) and 50-km (males) races at the 2018 Norwegian National Championships. Across laps, section speeds decreased (P < 0.001) in all skiers, with the best-ranked skiers faster than the lowest-ranked (P < 0.001), and males faster than females in the first and middle laps. Section speed within each lap was associated with race performance (r = 0.76–0.86, P < 0.001 in females and r = 0.87–0.89, P < 0.001 in males). The prevalence of Gear 2 (G2) increased, while Gear 3 (G3) use decreased (both P < 0.001) across the subsequent laps, with females preferring G2 more than males in lap one (P = 0.027). In long-distance skate-style skiing, transition performance is representative of race performance and skiers decrease the use of the often-faster G3 technique while increasing the use of the slower G2 technique due to prolonged exercise. Especially female skiers should consider adding some flat-to-uphill G3 practice into established training, specifically early in the session before fatigue may occur. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:09:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3dc88c74936041dfa6687a8c6ea5b681 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-9367 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:09:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| spelling | doaj.art-3dc88c74936041dfa6687a8c6ea5b6812022-12-22T01:49:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sports and Active Living2624-93672020-07-01210.3389/fspor.2020.00089524824Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill TerrainLuca Paolo Ardigò0Thomas Leonhard Stöggl1Thomas Leonhard Stöggl2Tor Oskar Thomassen3Andreas Kjæreng Winther4Edvard Hamnvik Sagelv5Sigurd Pedersen6Tord Markussen Hammer7Kim Arne Heitmann8Odd-Egil Olsen9Boye Welde10Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Verona, Verona, ItalyDepartment of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, AustriaAthlete Performance Center, Red Bull Sports, Salzburg, AustriaSchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySchool of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwayThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged ski racing using skating style on technique choice in a transition section among female and male high-level skiers. Fifty three national-to-elite level skiers (20 females: 26.7 ± 4.8 years, 167.0 ± 6.5 m, 61.0 ± 5.1 kg, and 75.5 ± 68.8 FIS points; 33 males: 25.2 ± 3.5 years, 179.0 ± 5.2 cm, 73.1 ± 5.7 kg, and 73.7 ± 63.2 FIS points) were video recorded along a flat-to-uphill transition section of a course during the 30-km (females) and 50-km (males) races at the 2018 Norwegian National Championships. Across laps, section speeds decreased (P < 0.001) in all skiers, with the best-ranked skiers faster than the lowest-ranked (P < 0.001), and males faster than females in the first and middle laps. Section speed within each lap was associated with race performance (r = 0.76–0.86, P < 0.001 in females and r = 0.87–0.89, P < 0.001 in males). The prevalence of Gear 2 (G2) increased, while Gear 3 (G3) use decreased (both P < 0.001) across the subsequent laps, with females preferring G2 more than males in lap one (P = 0.027). In long-distance skate-style skiing, transition performance is representative of race performance and skiers decrease the use of the often-faster G3 technique while increasing the use of the slower G2 technique due to prolonged exercise. Especially female skiers should consider adding some flat-to-uphill G3 practice into established training, specifically early in the session before fatigue may occur.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspor.2020.00089/fullendurancecross country skiingskiing techniquegradientelite skiers |
| spellingShingle | Luca Paolo Ardigò Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Thomas Leonhard Stöggl Tor Oskar Thomassen Andreas Kjæreng Winther Edvard Hamnvik Sagelv Sigurd Pedersen Tord Markussen Hammer Kim Arne Heitmann Odd-Egil Olsen Boye Welde Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain Frontiers in Sports and Active Living endurance cross country skiing skiing technique gradient elite skiers |
| title | Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain |
| title_full | Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain |
| title_fullStr | Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain |
| title_short | Ski Skating Race Technique—Effect of Long Distance Cross-Country Ski Racing on Choice of Skating Technique in Moderate Uphill Terrain |
| title_sort | ski skating race technique effect of long distance cross country ski racing on choice of skating technique in moderate uphill terrain |
| topic | endurance cross country skiing skiing technique gradient elite skiers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fspor.2020.00089/full |
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