Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project
Understanding the law of surface water–groundwater conversion in the face of high-intensity human activities is still a challenge. In this study, we employed statistical and system dynamics methods to investigate the surface water–groundwater conversion law in the Jianghan Plain following the impoun...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/16/2952 |
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| author | Jinping Feng Dongguo Shao Wenquan Gu Luguang Liu Wei Dong Donghao Miao |
| author_facet | Jinping Feng Dongguo Shao Wenquan Gu Luguang Liu Wei Dong Donghao Miao |
| author_sort | Jinping Feng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the law of surface water–groundwater conversion in the face of high-intensity human activities is still a challenge. In this study, we employed statistical and system dynamics methods to investigate the surface water–groundwater conversion law in the Jianghan Plain following the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) and the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project (YHWTP). The groundwater level’s long data set was used for the first time to study the water level change and water exchange in the research region after the impoundment of the TGP and the delivery of water from the YHWTP. The findings suggest a significant decrease in the interannual trend of the surface water level and groundwater level in the research region. It was observed that a 1m rise in the surface water level can lead to a 0.11–0.38 m rise in the groundwater level. The water level fluctuation coefficients of the surface water level and groundwater level are influenced by the impoundment of the TGP and the water delivery from the YHWTP, causing them to increase and decrease, respectively. In general, the surface water recharges the groundwater in the studied region. The water exchanges between the surface water and groundwater in the Yangtze River’s main stream, the middle region of the Hanjiang Plain, and the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River are, on average, 10<sup>−2</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m), 10<sup>−5</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m), and 10<sup>−3</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m) orders of magnitude, respectively. The water exchange in the Yangtze River’s main stream was reduced after TGP impoundment, and it was enhanced following YHWTP water delivery. |
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| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:29:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-3de5d52878cc49b4a0872f44afa1a0c02023-11-19T03:23:06ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-08-011516295210.3390/w15162952Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer ProjectJinping Feng0Dongguo Shao1Wenquan Gu2Luguang Liu3Wei Dong4Donghao Miao5State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, ChinaHubei Water Resources Research Institute, Wuhan 430000, ChinaHubei Water Resources Research Institute, Wuhan 430000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, ChinaUnderstanding the law of surface water–groundwater conversion in the face of high-intensity human activities is still a challenge. In this study, we employed statistical and system dynamics methods to investigate the surface water–groundwater conversion law in the Jianghan Plain following the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) and the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project (YHWTP). The groundwater level’s long data set was used for the first time to study the water level change and water exchange in the research region after the impoundment of the TGP and the delivery of water from the YHWTP. The findings suggest a significant decrease in the interannual trend of the surface water level and groundwater level in the research region. It was observed that a 1m rise in the surface water level can lead to a 0.11–0.38 m rise in the groundwater level. The water level fluctuation coefficients of the surface water level and groundwater level are influenced by the impoundment of the TGP and the water delivery from the YHWTP, causing them to increase and decrease, respectively. In general, the surface water recharges the groundwater in the studied region. The water exchanges between the surface water and groundwater in the Yangtze River’s main stream, the middle region of the Hanjiang Plain, and the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River are, on average, 10<sup>−2</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m), 10<sup>−5</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m), and 10<sup>−3</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/(d·m) orders of magnitude, respectively. The water exchange in the Yangtze River’s main stream was reduced after TGP impoundment, and it was enhanced following YHWTP water delivery.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/16/2952surface water–groundwater conversionplain river-net areainterannual and intra-annual changeschange in surface water and groundwater levelswater exchange between surface water and groundwater |
| spellingShingle | Jinping Feng Dongguo Shao Wenquan Gu Luguang Liu Wei Dong Donghao Miao Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project Water surface water–groundwater conversion plain river-net area interannual and intra-annual changes change in surface water and groundwater levels water exchange between surface water and groundwater |
| title | Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project |
| title_full | Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project |
| title_fullStr | Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project |
| title_short | Surface Water–Groundwater Transformation Patterns in the Jianghan Plain after the Impoundment of the Three Gorges Project and the Opening of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang Water Transfer Project |
| title_sort | surface water groundwater transformation patterns in the jianghan plain after the impoundment of the three gorges project and the opening of the yangtze to hanjiang water transfer project |
| topic | surface water–groundwater conversion plain river-net area interannual and intra-annual changes change in surface water and groundwater levels water exchange between surface water and groundwater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/16/2952 |
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