Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders
Background:Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) defines a heterogeneous class of children exhibiting marked impairment in motor coordination as a general group of deficits in fine and gross motricity (subtype mixed group) common to all research studies, and with a variety of other motor disorde...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00502/full |
| _version_ | 1818579956578385920 |
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| author | Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Christophe eLalanne Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse |
| author_facet | Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Christophe eLalanne Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse |
| author_sort | Laurence eVaivre-Douret |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) defines a heterogeneous class of children exhibiting marked impairment in motor coordination as a general group of deficits in fine and gross motricity (subtype mixed group) common to all research studies, and with a variety of other motor disorders that have been little investigated. No consensus about symptoms and aetiology has been established. Methods: Data from 58 children aged 6 to 13 years with DCD were collected on DSM-IV criteria, similar to DSM- 5 criteria. They had no other medical condition and inclusion criteria were strict (born full-term, no medication, no occupational /physical therapy). Multivariate statistical methods were used to evidence relevant interactions between discriminant features in a general DCD subtype group and to highlight specific co-morbidities. The study examined age-calibrated standardized scores from completed assessments of psychological, neuropsychological and neuropsychomotor functions, and more specifically the presence of minor neurological dysfunctions (MND) including neurological soft signs (NSS), without evidence of focal neurological brain involvement. These were not considered in most previous studies. Results: Findings show the salient DCD markers for the mixed subtype (imitation of gestures, digital perception, digital praxia, manual dexterity, upper and lower limb coordination), versus surprising co-morbidities, with 33% of MND with mild spasticity from phasic stretch reflex (PSR), not associated with the above impairments but rather with sitting tone (p= .004) and dysdiadochokinesia (p= .011). PSR was not specific to a DCD subtype but was related to increased impairment of coordination between upper and lower limbs and manual dexterity. Our results highlight the major contribution of an extensive neuro-developmental assessment (mental and physical). Discussion: The present study provides important new evidence in favour of a complete physical neuropsychomotor assessment, including neuromuscular tone examination, using appropriate standardized neurodevelopmental tools (common tasks across ages with age-related normative data) in order to distinguish motor impairments gathered under the umbrella term of developmental coordination disorders (subcortical vs cortical). Mild spasticity in the gastrocnemius muscles, such as phasic stretch reflex (PSR), suggests disturbances of the motor pathway, increasing impairment of gross and fine motricity.These findings contribute to understanding the nature of motor disorders in DCD |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T07:09:56Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T07:09:56Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3dfc8b317fec4d10a0cf546fa654c4412022-12-21T22:39:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782016-04-01710.3389/fpsyg.2016.00502178215Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disordersLaurence eVaivre-Douret0Laurence eVaivre-Douret1Laurence eVaivre-Douret2Laurence eVaivre-Douret3Laurence eVaivre-Douret4Christophe eLalanne5Bernard eGolse6Bernard eGolse7Bernard eGolse8University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HPCochin-Port Royal University Hospitals of Paris Center, AP-HPImagine Institut Necker HospitalAP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades University hospitalUniversity Paris Diderot, Paris Sorbonne CitéUniversity of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HPAP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades University hospitalBackground:Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) defines a heterogeneous class of children exhibiting marked impairment in motor coordination as a general group of deficits in fine and gross motricity (subtype mixed group) common to all research studies, and with a variety of other motor disorders that have been little investigated. No consensus about symptoms and aetiology has been established. Methods: Data from 58 children aged 6 to 13 years with DCD were collected on DSM-IV criteria, similar to DSM- 5 criteria. They had no other medical condition and inclusion criteria were strict (born full-term, no medication, no occupational /physical therapy). Multivariate statistical methods were used to evidence relevant interactions between discriminant features in a general DCD subtype group and to highlight specific co-morbidities. The study examined age-calibrated standardized scores from completed assessments of psychological, neuropsychological and neuropsychomotor functions, and more specifically the presence of minor neurological dysfunctions (MND) including neurological soft signs (NSS), without evidence of focal neurological brain involvement. These were not considered in most previous studies. Results: Findings show the salient DCD markers for the mixed subtype (imitation of gestures, digital perception, digital praxia, manual dexterity, upper and lower limb coordination), versus surprising co-morbidities, with 33% of MND with mild spasticity from phasic stretch reflex (PSR), not associated with the above impairments but rather with sitting tone (p= .004) and dysdiadochokinesia (p= .011). PSR was not specific to a DCD subtype but was related to increased impairment of coordination between upper and lower limbs and manual dexterity. Our results highlight the major contribution of an extensive neuro-developmental assessment (mental and physical). Discussion: The present study provides important new evidence in favour of a complete physical neuropsychomotor assessment, including neuromuscular tone examination, using appropriate standardized neurodevelopmental tools (common tasks across ages with age-related normative data) in order to distinguish motor impairments gathered under the umbrella term of developmental coordination disorders (subcortical vs cortical). Mild spasticity in the gastrocnemius muscles, such as phasic stretch reflex (PSR), suggests disturbances of the motor pathway, increasing impairment of gross and fine motricity.These findings contribute to understanding the nature of motor disorders in DCDhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00502/fullbrain MRIneuropsychological assessmentdevelopmental coordination disorderco-morbidityneurological soft signsmotor impairment |
| spellingShingle | Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Laurence eVaivre-Douret Christophe eLalanne Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse Bernard eGolse Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders Frontiers in Psychology brain MRI neuropsychological assessment developmental coordination disorder co-morbidity neurological soft signs motor impairment |
| title | Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders |
| title_full | Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders |
| title_fullStr | Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders |
| title_short | Developmental Coordination Disorder, an umbrella term for motor impairments in children: nature and co-morbid disorders |
| title_sort | developmental coordination disorder an umbrella term for motor impairments in children nature and co morbid disorders |
| topic | brain MRI neuropsychological assessment developmental coordination disorder co-morbidity neurological soft signs motor impairment |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00502/full |
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