Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults
BACKGROUND: Polysubstance dependence, stress, and sleep disturbances are inter-related by shared physiological pathways. No study has investigated the relationship between sleep and concurrent use of alcohol and khat. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the concurrent use of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Annals of Thoracic Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.thoracicmedicine.org/article.asp?issn=1817-1737;year=2018;volume=13;issue=4;spage=220;epage=225;aulast=Manzar |
| _version_ | 1828366545338761216 |
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| author | Md Dilshad Manzar Mohammed Salahuddin Majed Alamri Tarekegn Tesfaye Maru Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal Ahmed S Bahammam |
| author_facet | Md Dilshad Manzar Mohammed Salahuddin Majed Alamri Tarekegn Tesfaye Maru Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal Ahmed S Bahammam |
| author_sort | Md Dilshad Manzar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Polysubstance dependence, stress, and sleep disturbances are inter-related by shared physiological pathways. No study has investigated the relationship between sleep and concurrent use of alcohol and khat.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the concurrent use of alcohol and khat as well as concurrent alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking on sleep patterns.
METHODS: A sample of community-dwelling adults (n = 339, age = 25.5 ± 5.7 years, body mass index = 22.0 ± 2.2 kg/m2) from Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia, participated in a cross-sectional study. Semi-structured tool for sociodemographics, substance use habit, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. The difference in sleep patterns among substance use groups, i.e., nonusers, alcohol use only, concurrent alcohol and khat use, and concurrent alcohol, khat and tobacco smoking was assessed.
RESULTS: The poorest sleep quality was found among concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking (PSQI global score = 8.2 ± 2.4), followed by concurrent users of alcohol and khat (PSQI global score = 7.3 ± 2.9) (F (3.335) = 23.64, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the PSQI component score of sleep quality χ2(3) =159.09, P < 0.001, the PSQI component score of sleep latency χ2(3) = 128.09, P < 0.001, and the PSQI component score of sleep disturbances χ2(3) = 37.69, P < 0.001 between substance use groups.
CONCLUSION: Concurrent use of alcohol, khat as well as alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking was associated with poor sleep. Sleep disturbances in this group need management to avoid the prospective development of psychosocial disturbances in polysubstance users. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:47:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e08176396af4fa78e1cca5e92717e46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1817-1737 1998-3557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:47:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Thoracic Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e08176396af4fa78e1cca5e92717e462022-12-22T02:09:15ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Thoracic Medicine1817-17371998-35572018-01-0113422022510.4103/atm.ATM_36_18Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adultsMd Dilshad ManzarMohammed SalahuddinMajed AlamriTarekegn Tesfaye MaruSeithikurippu R Pandi-PerumalAhmed S BahammamBACKGROUND: Polysubstance dependence, stress, and sleep disturbances are inter-related by shared physiological pathways. No study has investigated the relationship between sleep and concurrent use of alcohol and khat. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the concurrent use of alcohol and khat as well as concurrent alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking on sleep patterns. METHODS: A sample of community-dwelling adults (n = 339, age = 25.5 ± 5.7 years, body mass index = 22.0 ± 2.2 kg/m2) from Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia, participated in a cross-sectional study. Semi-structured tool for sociodemographics, substance use habit, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. The difference in sleep patterns among substance use groups, i.e., nonusers, alcohol use only, concurrent alcohol and khat use, and concurrent alcohol, khat and tobacco smoking was assessed. RESULTS: The poorest sleep quality was found among concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking (PSQI global score = 8.2 ± 2.4), followed by concurrent users of alcohol and khat (PSQI global score = 7.3 ± 2.9) (F (3.335) = 23.64, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the PSQI component score of sleep quality χ2(3) =159.09, P < 0.001, the PSQI component score of sleep latency χ2(3) = 128.09, P < 0.001, and the PSQI component score of sleep disturbances χ2(3) = 37.69, P < 0.001 between substance use groups. CONCLUSION: Concurrent use of alcohol, khat as well as alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking was associated with poor sleep. Sleep disturbances in this group need management to avoid the prospective development of psychosocial disturbances in polysubstance users.http://www.thoracicmedicine.org/article.asp?issn=1817-1737;year=2018;volume=13;issue=4;spage=220;epage=225;aulast=ManzarAdditionchatinsomniapolysubstancesmokingsubstance abuse |
| spellingShingle | Md Dilshad Manzar Mohammed Salahuddin Majed Alamri Tarekegn Tesfaye Maru Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal Ahmed S Bahammam Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults Annals of Thoracic Medicine Addition chat insomnia polysubstance smoking substance abuse |
| title | Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults |
| title_full | Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults |
| title_fullStr | Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults |
| title_short | Poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol, khat, and tobacco smoking in community-dwelling Ethiopian adults |
| title_sort | poor sleep in concurrent users of alcohol khat and tobacco smoking in community dwelling ethiopian adults |
| topic | Addition chat insomnia polysubstance smoking substance abuse |
| url | http://www.thoracicmedicine.org/article.asp?issn=1817-1737;year=2018;volume=13;issue=4;spage=220;epage=225;aulast=Manzar |
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