Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta
Abstract Zizania latifolia is a popular aquatic vegetable in China because of its enlarged edible stems resulting from persistent infection by a fungal endophyte, Ustilago esculenta. Fenaminosulf (FM) is a germicide that can be used to improve agricultural crop yields. In Z. latifolia fields, approp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03803-6 |
| _version_ | 1828144282184187904 |
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| author | Fang Li Juefeng Zhang Haiying Zhong Jianming Chen |
| author_facet | Fang Li Juefeng Zhang Haiying Zhong Jianming Chen |
| author_sort | Fang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Zizania latifolia is a popular aquatic vegetable in China because of its enlarged edible stems resulting from persistent infection by a fungal endophyte, Ustilago esculenta. Fenaminosulf (FM) is a germicide that can be used to improve agricultural crop yields. In Z. latifolia fields, appropriate spraying of FM not just controls diseases, but also promotes an earlier harvest of Z. latifolia. In this study, we show that the timing of gall formation was advanced and the plant’s yield was increased significantly under a high concentration treatment of FM. Yet FM had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of U. esculenta in vitro, while the transcript levels of mating-type alleles, cell metabolism-related genes and chitin synthase genes were all substantially downregulated. Through a transcriptome analysis, we investigated changes in gene expression of the host Z. latifolia and fungal endophyte U. esculenta in response to FM. FM directly affected the growth of Z. latifolia by altering the expression level of genes involved in plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction and some metabolism pathways. By contrast, FM had little effect on U. esculenta growing inside of Z. latifolia. Collectively, our results provide a more in-depth understanding of the molecular processes that promote gall formation in Z. latifolia, while also identifying potential targets for genetic manipulation to improve the yield and quality of Z. latifolia, in a safer and more effective way. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:12:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e140b00fa57449a85da5ad31445625c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:12:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e140b00fa57449a85da5ad31445625c2022-12-22T04:05:03ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292022-08-0122111310.1186/s12870-022-03803-6Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculentaFang Li0Juefeng Zhang1Haiying Zhong2Jianming Chen3Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Zizania latifolia is a popular aquatic vegetable in China because of its enlarged edible stems resulting from persistent infection by a fungal endophyte, Ustilago esculenta. Fenaminosulf (FM) is a germicide that can be used to improve agricultural crop yields. In Z. latifolia fields, appropriate spraying of FM not just controls diseases, but also promotes an earlier harvest of Z. latifolia. In this study, we show that the timing of gall formation was advanced and the plant’s yield was increased significantly under a high concentration treatment of FM. Yet FM had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of U. esculenta in vitro, while the transcript levels of mating-type alleles, cell metabolism-related genes and chitin synthase genes were all substantially downregulated. Through a transcriptome analysis, we investigated changes in gene expression of the host Z. latifolia and fungal endophyte U. esculenta in response to FM. FM directly affected the growth of Z. latifolia by altering the expression level of genes involved in plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction and some metabolism pathways. By contrast, FM had little effect on U. esculenta growing inside of Z. latifolia. Collectively, our results provide a more in-depth understanding of the molecular processes that promote gall formation in Z. latifolia, while also identifying potential targets for genetic manipulation to improve the yield and quality of Z. latifolia, in a safer and more effective way.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03803-6Zizania latifoliaFungal endophyteGall formationFenaminosulfRNA sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Fang Li Juefeng Zhang Haiying Zhong Jianming Chen Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta BMC Plant Biology Zizania latifolia Fungal endophyte Gall formation Fenaminosulf RNA sequencing |
| title | Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta |
| title_full | Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta |
| title_fullStr | Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta |
| title_full_unstemmed | Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta |
| title_short | Germicide Fenaminosulf Promots Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta |
| title_sort | germicide fenaminosulf promots gall formation of zizania latifolia without directly affecting the growth of endophytic fungus ustilago esculenta |
| topic | Zizania latifolia Fungal endophyte Gall formation Fenaminosulf RNA sequencing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03803-6 |
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