Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport
Lithium-ion batteries are shipped worldwide with many limitations implemented to ensure safety and to prevent loss of cargo. Many of the transportation guidelines focus on new batteries; however, the shipment requirements for used or degraded batteries are less clear. Current international regulatio...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-05-01
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Series: | Energies |
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Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/5/340 |
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author | Nicholas Williard Christopher Hendricks Bhanu Sood Jae Sik Chung Michael Pecht |
author_facet | Nicholas Williard Christopher Hendricks Bhanu Sood Jae Sik Chung Michael Pecht |
author_sort | Nicholas Williard |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Lithium-ion batteries are shipped worldwide with many limitations implemented to ensure safety and to prevent loss of cargo. Many of the transportation guidelines focus on new batteries; however, the shipment requirements for used or degraded batteries are less clear. Current international regulations regarding the air transport of lithium-ion batteries are critically reviewed. The pre-shipping tests are outlined and evaluated to assess their ability to fully mitigate risks during battery transport. In particular, the guidelines for shipping second-use batteries are considered. Because the electrochemical state of previously used batteries is inherently different from that of new batteries, additional considerations must be made to evaluate these types of cells. Additional tests are suggested that evaluate the risks of second-use batteries, which may or may not contain incipient faults. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:03:59Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-3e366a2913434369a5902c1facae4483 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1996-1073 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:03:59Z |
publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Energies |
spelling | doaj.art-3e366a2913434369a5902c1facae44832022-12-22T04:00:48ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732016-05-019534010.3390/en9050340en9050340Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air TransportNicholas Williard0Christopher Hendricks1Bhanu Sood2Jae Sik Chung3Michael Pecht4Schlumberger, Houston, TX 77004, USACenter for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USACenter for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAPCTEST Engineering Laboratory, Inc., Columbia, MD 21046, USACenter for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USALithium-ion batteries are shipped worldwide with many limitations implemented to ensure safety and to prevent loss of cargo. Many of the transportation guidelines focus on new batteries; however, the shipment requirements for used or degraded batteries are less clear. Current international regulations regarding the air transport of lithium-ion batteries are critically reviewed. The pre-shipping tests are outlined and evaluated to assess their ability to fully mitigate risks during battery transport. In particular, the guidelines for shipping second-use batteries are considered. Because the electrochemical state of previously used batteries is inherently different from that of new batteries, additional considerations must be made to evaluate these types of cells. Additional tests are suggested that evaluate the risks of second-use batteries, which may or may not contain incipient faults.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/5/340batteriesstandardstransportationpublic safetyaviation |
spellingShingle | Nicholas Williard Christopher Hendricks Bhanu Sood Jae Sik Chung Michael Pecht Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport Energies batteries standards transportation public safety aviation |
title | Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport |
title_full | Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport |
title_short | Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport |
title_sort | evaluation of batteries for safe air transport |
topic | batteries standards transportation public safety aviation |
url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/5/340 |
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