Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults
Abstract Background Physical inactivity is an important factor in the development of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of sarcopenia and associations of physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia in two exercise trial populations. These study groups are clinically meaningful...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04764-1 |
| _version_ | 1797273307441004544 |
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| author | Onni Hämäläinen Anna Tirkkonen Tiina Savikangas Markku Alén Sarianna Sipilä Arto Hautala |
| author_facet | Onni Hämäläinen Anna Tirkkonen Tiina Savikangas Markku Alén Sarianna Sipilä Arto Hautala |
| author_sort | Onni Hämäläinen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Physical inactivity is an important factor in the development of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of sarcopenia and associations of physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia in two exercise trial populations. These study groups are clinically meaningful community-dwelling populations at increased risk for sarcopenia: older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and those with a recent hip fracture (HF). Methods Data from 313 older adults who did not meet the PA guidelines (60% women; age 74.5 ± 3.8, body mass index 27.9 ± 4.7) and 77 individuals with HF diagnosed on average 70 ± 28 days earlier (75% women; age 79.3 ± 7.1, body mass index 25.3 ± 3.6) were included in this study. Grip strength and muscle mass (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and bioimpedance analysis in participants with HF) were used to assess sarcopenia according to the European Working Group in Older People 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria. The current level of PA was self-reported using a question with seven response options in both study groups and was measured with a hip-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia was 3% (n = 8) and 13% (n = 41) in the older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and 3% (n = 2) and 40% (n = 31) in the HF group, respectively. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, the lowest levels of self-reported PA were associated with increased probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.3–6.1, p = 0.009) and in the HF group (OR 3.9, 95% CI, 1.4–11.3, p = 0.012). No significant associations between accelerometer-measured PA and probable sarcopenia or sarcopenia were found. Conclusions Probable sarcopenia is common among community-dwelling older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and very common among individuals recovering from HF who are able to be involved in exercise interventions. In addition, since low PA is associated with higher probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk, it is recommended to screen for sarcopenia and promote regular physical activity to prevent sarcopenia in these populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:41:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e3d2d208e1c4759a5cb24befa793b31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:41:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e3d2d208e1c4759a5cb24befa793b312024-03-05T20:12:13ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182024-02-0124111310.1186/s12877-024-04764-1Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adultsOnni Hämäläinen0Anna Tirkkonen1Tiina Savikangas2Markku Alén3Sarianna Sipilä4Arto Hautala5Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of JyväskyläFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of JyväskyläFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of JyväskyläDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University HospitalFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of JyväskyläFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of JyväskyläAbstract Background Physical inactivity is an important factor in the development of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of sarcopenia and associations of physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia in two exercise trial populations. These study groups are clinically meaningful community-dwelling populations at increased risk for sarcopenia: older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and those with a recent hip fracture (HF). Methods Data from 313 older adults who did not meet the PA guidelines (60% women; age 74.5 ± 3.8, body mass index 27.9 ± 4.7) and 77 individuals with HF diagnosed on average 70 ± 28 days earlier (75% women; age 79.3 ± 7.1, body mass index 25.3 ± 3.6) were included in this study. Grip strength and muscle mass (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and bioimpedance analysis in participants with HF) were used to assess sarcopenia according to the European Working Group in Older People 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria. The current level of PA was self-reported using a question with seven response options in both study groups and was measured with a hip-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia was 3% (n = 8) and 13% (n = 41) in the older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and 3% (n = 2) and 40% (n = 31) in the HF group, respectively. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, the lowest levels of self-reported PA were associated with increased probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.3–6.1, p = 0.009) and in the HF group (OR 3.9, 95% CI, 1.4–11.3, p = 0.012). No significant associations between accelerometer-measured PA and probable sarcopenia or sarcopenia were found. Conclusions Probable sarcopenia is common among community-dwelling older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and very common among individuals recovering from HF who are able to be involved in exercise interventions. In addition, since low PA is associated with higher probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk, it is recommended to screen for sarcopenia and promote regular physical activity to prevent sarcopenia in these populations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04764-1EWGSOP2Insufficiently physically activeHip fracturePrevalence |
| spellingShingle | Onni Hämäläinen Anna Tirkkonen Tiina Savikangas Markku Alén Sarianna Sipilä Arto Hautala Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults BMC Geriatrics EWGSOP2 Insufficiently physically active Hip fracture Prevalence |
| title | Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults |
| title_full | Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults |
| title_fullStr | Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults |
| title_short | Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults |
| title_sort | low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia a cross sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community dwelling older adults |
| topic | EWGSOP2 Insufficiently physically active Hip fracture Prevalence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04764-1 |
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