A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle
The interest in and need for carbon-free fuels that do not rely on fossil fuels are constantly growing from both environmental and energetic perspectives. Green hydrogen production is at the core of the transition away from conventional fuels. Along with popularly investigated pathways for hydrogen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3044 |
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| author | Daphne Oudejans Michele Offidani Achilleas Constantinou Stefania Albonetti Nikolaos Dimitratos Atul Bansode |
| author_facet | Daphne Oudejans Michele Offidani Achilleas Constantinou Stefania Albonetti Nikolaos Dimitratos Atul Bansode |
| author_sort | Daphne Oudejans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interest in and need for carbon-free fuels that do not rely on fossil fuels are constantly growing from both environmental and energetic perspectives. Green hydrogen production is at the core of the transition away from conventional fuels. Along with popularly investigated pathways for hydrogen production, thermochemical water splitting using redox materials is an interesting option for utilizing thermal energy, as this approach makes use of temperature looping over the material to produce hydrogen from water. Herein, two-step thermochemical water splitting processes are discussed and the key aspects are analyzed using the most relevant information present in the literature. Redox materials and their compositions, which have been proven to be efficient for this reaction, are reported. Attention is focused on non-volatile redox oxides, as the quenching step required for volatile redox materials is unnecessary. Reactors that could be used to conduct the reduction and oxidation reaction are discussed. The most promising materials are compared to each other using a multi-criteria analysis, providing a direction for future research. As evident, ferrite supported on yttrium-stabilized zirconia, ceria doped with zirconia or samarium and ferrite doped with nickel as the core and an yttrium (III) oxide shell are promising choices. Isothermal cycling and lowering of the reduction temperature are outlined as future directions towards increasing hydrogen yields and improving the cyclability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e44685cc34e4161a89bbb3601a1eaf9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e44685cc34e4161a89bbb3601a1eaf92023-11-23T08:05:45ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-04-01159304410.3390/en15093044A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox CycleDaphne Oudejans0Michele Offidani1Achilleas Constantinou2Stefania Albonetti3Nikolaos Dimitratos4Atul Bansode5Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The NetherlandsCatalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, CyprusDepartment of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, ItalyCatalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The NetherlandsThe interest in and need for carbon-free fuels that do not rely on fossil fuels are constantly growing from both environmental and energetic perspectives. Green hydrogen production is at the core of the transition away from conventional fuels. Along with popularly investigated pathways for hydrogen production, thermochemical water splitting using redox materials is an interesting option for utilizing thermal energy, as this approach makes use of temperature looping over the material to produce hydrogen from water. Herein, two-step thermochemical water splitting processes are discussed and the key aspects are analyzed using the most relevant information present in the literature. Redox materials and their compositions, which have been proven to be efficient for this reaction, are reported. Attention is focused on non-volatile redox oxides, as the quenching step required for volatile redox materials is unnecessary. Reactors that could be used to conduct the reduction and oxidation reaction are discussed. The most promising materials are compared to each other using a multi-criteria analysis, providing a direction for future research. As evident, ferrite supported on yttrium-stabilized zirconia, ceria doped with zirconia or samarium and ferrite doped with nickel as the core and an yttrium (III) oxide shell are promising choices. Isothermal cycling and lowering of the reduction temperature are outlined as future directions towards increasing hydrogen yields and improving the cyclability.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3044hydrogentwo-step thermochemical water splittingredox cyclestemperature swingpressure swingisothermal cycling |
| spellingShingle | Daphne Oudejans Michele Offidani Achilleas Constantinou Stefania Albonetti Nikolaos Dimitratos Atul Bansode A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle Energies hydrogen two-step thermochemical water splitting redox cycles temperature swing pressure swing isothermal cycling |
| title | A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Review on Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production in a Redox Cycle |
| title_sort | comprehensive review on two step thermochemical water splitting for hydrogen production in a redox cycle |
| topic | hydrogen two-step thermochemical water splitting redox cycles temperature swing pressure swing isothermal cycling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3044 |
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