Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the double burden of malnutrition as the new face of malnutrition. This is a serious problem in Latin American countries, especially Paraguay, which has a high obesity rate. This study aimed to gather data to inform a national strategy for conf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Public Health Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jphres.org/index.php/jphres/article/view/2196 |
| _version_ | 1797966610738184192 |
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| author | Ho Cheol Lee Ji Eon Kim Adriana Amarilla Yanghee Kang Boram Sim Eun Woo Nam |
| author_facet | Ho Cheol Lee Ji Eon Kim Adriana Amarilla Yanghee Kang Boram Sim Eun Woo Nam |
| author_sort | Ho Cheol Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the double burden of malnutrition as the new face of malnutrition. This is a serious problem in Latin American countries, especially Paraguay, which has a high obesity rate. This study aimed to gather data to inform a national strategy for confronting the double-burden challenge in Paraguay by 1) identifying whether the body mass index (BMI) of study subjects differed significantly according to social determinants, and 2) assessing the factors affecting BMI and the extent of their impact according to BMI quantile levels.
Design and Methods. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted from the WHO World Health Survey. We collected 2,200 responses from September 16 to October 7, 2018. After excluding the questionnaires with missing data, we analyzed 1,994 respondents aged 17 years and older living in Limpio, Paraguay. The analyses included t-test and chi-squared test to identify significant differences and 10th quantile regression to assess associations.
Results. Analyses showed significant differences in participants’ BMI levels based on age and diagnoses of diabetes or hypertension. In quantile regression analyses, age was significantly associated with BMI quantiles at all but one level. Educational attainment was significantly associated with the 10%–40% and 60%–70% quantiles of BMI.
Conclusions. Age, education level, diabetes, and hypertension were significant predictors of obesity. Obesity programs that focus on people aged more than 60 years are required. In addition, targeted nutritional education may be a useful intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:18:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e4515e19fa94f1b8ecb8ebfac30af28 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2279-9028 2279-9036 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:18:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Public Health Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e4515e19fa94f1b8ecb8ebfac30af282023-01-03T00:38:53ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Public Health Research2279-90282279-90362021-07-0110.4081/jphr.2021.2196Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regressionHo Cheol Lee0Ji Eon Kim1Adriana Amarilla2Yanghee Kang3Boram Sim4Eun Woo Nam5Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, WonjuYonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, WonjuPan American Health Organization (PAHO), AsuncionYonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, WonjuHealth Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), WonjuDepartment of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonjum Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the double burden of malnutrition as the new face of malnutrition. This is a serious problem in Latin American countries, especially Paraguay, which has a high obesity rate. This study aimed to gather data to inform a national strategy for confronting the double-burden challenge in Paraguay by 1) identifying whether the body mass index (BMI) of study subjects differed significantly according to social determinants, and 2) assessing the factors affecting BMI and the extent of their impact according to BMI quantile levels. Design and Methods. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted from the WHO World Health Survey. We collected 2,200 responses from September 16 to October 7, 2018. After excluding the questionnaires with missing data, we analyzed 1,994 respondents aged 17 years and older living in Limpio, Paraguay. The analyses included t-test and chi-squared test to identify significant differences and 10th quantile regression to assess associations. Results. Analyses showed significant differences in participants’ BMI levels based on age and diagnoses of diabetes or hypertension. In quantile regression analyses, age was significantly associated with BMI quantiles at all but one level. Educational attainment was significantly associated with the 10%–40% and 60%–70% quantiles of BMI. Conclusions. Age, education level, diabetes, and hypertension were significant predictors of obesity. Obesity programs that focus on people aged more than 60 years are required. In addition, targeted nutritional education may be a useful intervention.https://www.jphres.org/index.php/jphres/article/view/2196ObesityOverweightHealth BehaviorPublic HealthNutrition |
| spellingShingle | Ho Cheol Lee Ji Eon Kim Adriana Amarilla Yanghee Kang Boram Sim Eun Woo Nam Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression Journal of Public Health Research Obesity Overweight Health Behavior Public Health Nutrition |
| title | Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| title_full | Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| title_fullStr | Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| title_short | Social determinants of overweight and obesity in Paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| title_sort | social determinants of overweight and obesity in paraguayan adults using quantile regression |
| topic | Obesity Overweight Health Behavior Public Health Nutrition |
| url | https://www.jphres.org/index.php/jphres/article/view/2196 |
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