Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study
Background: Monthly incidence of elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries and surgeries is relatively unknown. Defining seasonal peaks of UCL injuries and surgeries may identify opportunities for injury-prevention strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonal and monthly variati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-02-01
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| Series: | JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666639121000845 |
| _version_ | 1818952690352259072 |
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| author | James B. Carr, II, MD Lauren Wilson, MPH Spencer W. Sullivan, BS Jashvant Poeran, MD, PhD Jiabin Liu, MD, PhD Stavros G. Memtsoudis, MD, PhD, MBA, FCCP Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD, MBA |
| author_facet | James B. Carr, II, MD Lauren Wilson, MPH Spencer W. Sullivan, BS Jashvant Poeran, MD, PhD Jiabin Liu, MD, PhD Stavros G. Memtsoudis, MD, PhD, MBA, FCCP Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD, MBA |
| author_sort | James B. Carr, II, MD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Monthly incidence of elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries and surgeries is relatively unknown. Defining seasonal peaks of UCL injuries and surgeries may identify opportunities for injury-prevention strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonal and monthly variations in UCL injuries and surgeries across the United States with emphasis on the timing of baseball season. Methods: The Truven Health MarketScan database (2013-2015) was queried for patients younger than 40 years with a diagnosis code of elbow UCL sprain and a procedural code for UCL repair or reconstruction. Differences in patient characteristics were evaluated using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Negative binomial regression models were calculated for UCL injuries and surgeries to assess monthly trends. Results: UCL injuries were sustained by 13,894 patients, with 1404 (10.1%) patients having undergone surgery. The median age at first diagnosis was 17 years, and the median age of patients requiring surgery decreased from 20 to 18 years from 2013 to 2015 (P = .75). Most UCL injuries (n = 3785) and surgeries (n = 438) occurred during the spring season (March 21-June 20), and spring injuries were most likely to result in surgical management (11.6%). During the baseball season (March to September), the number of UCL injuries peaked in April/May, then declined, except for a second peak in September/October (incidence rate ratio 0.97; confidence interval 0.95, 0.99; P = .01). The number of UCL surgeries steadily increased from March (n = 116) to June (n = 152), followed by a gradual decline (incidence rate ratio 1.00; confidence interval 0.96, 1.04; P = .99). Conclusion: Athletes frequently experienced UCL injuries and surgeries in the early months (April-June) of the baseball season. More emphasis should be paid to rehabilitative strategies at the beginning of a baseball season to help mitigate injury risk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:54:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e57912d2332456c9b525f444d442c84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-6391 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:54:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e57912d2332456c9b525f444d442c842022-12-21T19:44:30ZengElsevierJSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques2666-63912022-02-0121107112Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological studyJames B. Carr, II, MD0Lauren Wilson, MPH1Spencer W. Sullivan, BS2Jashvant Poeran, MD, PhD3Jiabin Liu, MD, PhD4Stavros G. Memtsoudis, MD, PhD, MBA, FCCP5Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD, MBA6Hospital for Special Surgery, Sports Medicine Institute, New York, NY, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USAHospital for Special Surgery, Sports Medicine Institute, New York, NY, USAInstitute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Health Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, AustriaHospital for Special Surgery, Sports Medicine Institute, New York, NY, USA; Corresponding author: Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD, MBA, Hospital for Special Surgery, 610 West 58th Street, New York, NY 10019, USA.Background: Monthly incidence of elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries and surgeries is relatively unknown. Defining seasonal peaks of UCL injuries and surgeries may identify opportunities for injury-prevention strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonal and monthly variations in UCL injuries and surgeries across the United States with emphasis on the timing of baseball season. Methods: The Truven Health MarketScan database (2013-2015) was queried for patients younger than 40 years with a diagnosis code of elbow UCL sprain and a procedural code for UCL repair or reconstruction. Differences in patient characteristics were evaluated using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Negative binomial regression models were calculated for UCL injuries and surgeries to assess monthly trends. Results: UCL injuries were sustained by 13,894 patients, with 1404 (10.1%) patients having undergone surgery. The median age at first diagnosis was 17 years, and the median age of patients requiring surgery decreased from 20 to 18 years from 2013 to 2015 (P = .75). Most UCL injuries (n = 3785) and surgeries (n = 438) occurred during the spring season (March 21-June 20), and spring injuries were most likely to result in surgical management (11.6%). During the baseball season (March to September), the number of UCL injuries peaked in April/May, then declined, except for a second peak in September/October (incidence rate ratio 0.97; confidence interval 0.95, 0.99; P = .01). The number of UCL surgeries steadily increased from March (n = 116) to June (n = 152), followed by a gradual decline (incidence rate ratio 1.00; confidence interval 0.96, 1.04; P = .99). Conclusion: Athletes frequently experienced UCL injuries and surgeries in the early months (April-June) of the baseball season. More emphasis should be paid to rehabilitative strategies at the beginning of a baseball season to help mitigate injury risk.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666639121000845ElbowUlnar collateral ligamentBaseballInjury preventionSport injuryEpidemiology |
| spellingShingle | James B. Carr, II, MD Lauren Wilson, MPH Spencer W. Sullivan, BS Jashvant Poeran, MD, PhD Jiabin Liu, MD, PhD Stavros G. Memtsoudis, MD, PhD, MBA, FCCP Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD, MBA Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques Elbow Ulnar collateral ligament Baseball Injury prevention Sport injury Epidemiology |
| title | Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study |
| title_full | Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study |
| title_short | Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study |
| title_sort | seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries a national epidemiological study |
| topic | Elbow Ulnar collateral ligament Baseball Injury prevention Sport injury Epidemiology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666639121000845 |
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