Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>
Bacterial spheroplasts do not divide but they grow and enlarge with DNA replication in a broth containing an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis and high salt concentration. The enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, formed vac...
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| Format: | Article |
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AIMS Press
2016-05-01
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| Series: | AIMS Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.aimspress.com/microbiology/article/786/fulltext.html |
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| author | Sawako Takahashi Ayana Takayanagi Yurika Takahashi Taku Oshima Hiromi Nishida |
| author_facet | Sawako Takahashi Ayana Takayanagi Yurika Takahashi Taku Oshima Hiromi Nishida |
| author_sort | Sawako Takahashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial spheroplasts do not divide but they grow and enlarge with DNA replication in a broth containing an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis and high salt concentration. The enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, formed vacuole-like structures, while those of the aerobic photosynthetic marine bacterium <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> did not form such structures. In addition, the enlarged spheroplasts of <em>L. amnigena</em>, which differ in the size of inner and outer membranes, were larger than those of <em>E. litoralis</em>. To elucidate the reason for these differences, we analyzed the transcriptome (RNA-seq) of spheroplasts at the beginning of growth and upon enlargement. After sequencing the RNAs expressed in normal and enlarged spheroplasts, we compared the gene expression levels of the 1100 orthologs in <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>. Among these, 347 and 213 genes were more than 2-fold upregulated in enlarged spheroplasts of <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>, respectively; 193 and 269 genes were less than 0.5-fold downregulated in those of <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>, respectively. Thirty six genes were upregulated in <em>L. amnigena</em> enlarged spheroplasts but were downregulated in <em>E. litoralis</em> enlarged spheroplasts, and may be related to vacuole-like structure generation. Fourteen of the 36 genes encoded a membrane protein. Our findings indicate that spheroplast enlargement varies between different organisms with respect to gene expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:28:47Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2471-1888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:28:47Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIMS Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e604482d9c0434b94a9639dd69d22c42022-12-22T01:32:54ZengAIMS PressAIMS Microbiology2471-18882016-05-012215218910.3934/microbiol.2016.2.152microbiol-02-00152Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>Sawako Takahashi0Ayana Takayanagi1Yurika Takahashi2Taku Oshima3Hiromi Nishida4Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, JapaBiotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, JapaBiotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, JapaGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, JapaBiotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, JapaBacterial spheroplasts do not divide but they grow and enlarge with DNA replication in a broth containing an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis and high salt concentration. The enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, formed vacuole-like structures, while those of the aerobic photosynthetic marine bacterium <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> did not form such structures. In addition, the enlarged spheroplasts of <em>L. amnigena</em>, which differ in the size of inner and outer membranes, were larger than those of <em>E. litoralis</em>. To elucidate the reason for these differences, we analyzed the transcriptome (RNA-seq) of spheroplasts at the beginning of growth and upon enlargement. After sequencing the RNAs expressed in normal and enlarged spheroplasts, we compared the gene expression levels of the 1100 orthologs in <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>. Among these, 347 and 213 genes were more than 2-fold upregulated in enlarged spheroplasts of <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>, respectively; 193 and 269 genes were less than 0.5-fold downregulated in those of <em>E. litoralis</em> and <em>L. amnigena</em>, respectively. Thirty six genes were upregulated in <em>L. amnigena</em> enlarged spheroplasts but were downregulated in <em>E. litoralis</em> enlarged spheroplasts, and may be related to vacuole-like structure generation. Fourteen of the 36 genes encoded a membrane protein. Our findings indicate that spheroplast enlargement varies between different organisms with respect to gene expression.http://www.aimspress.com/microbiology/article/786/fulltext.htmlenlarged spheroplast<em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em>inner membrane<em>Lelliottia amnigena</em>outer membranetranscriptomevacuole-like structure |
| spellingShingle | Sawako Takahashi Ayana Takayanagi Yurika Takahashi Taku Oshima Hiromi Nishida Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> AIMS Microbiology enlarged spheroplast <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> inner membrane <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> outer membrane transcriptome vacuole-like structure |
| title | Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> |
| title_full | Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> |
| title_short | Comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> and <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> |
| title_sort | comparison of transcriptomes of enlarged spheroplasts of em erythrobacter litoralis em and em lelliottia amnigena em |
| topic | enlarged spheroplast <em>Erythrobacter litoralis</em> inner membrane <em>Lelliottia amnigena</em> outer membrane transcriptome vacuole-like structure |
| url | http://www.aimspress.com/microbiology/article/786/fulltext.html |
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