Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand
This study is based on hydrogeochemical and biological parameters and calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) to assess water quality of a rural tract in five districts of Garhwal and Kumaon district of Uttarakhand, India. The drinking water quality parameters are pH, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Tu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972720300775 |
| _version_ | 1819176410502135808 |
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| author | Vinod Kothari Suman Vij SuneshKumar Sharma Neha Gupta |
| author_facet | Vinod Kothari Suman Vij SuneshKumar Sharma Neha Gupta |
| author_sort | Vinod Kothari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study is based on hydrogeochemical and biological parameters and calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) to assess water quality of a rural tract in five districts of Garhwal and Kumaon district of Uttarakhand, India. The drinking water quality parameters are pH, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Turbidity, Iron (Fe), Chloride (Cl), Fluoride (F), Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sulphate (SO4), Nitrate (NO3), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Arsenic (As), conductivity, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform and Total Residual Chlorine. It was observed that the physicochemical properties were as per BIS standards and found suitable for drinking purposes. However Bacteriological parameters i.e. Total coliform and Fecal coliform of some sampling sites ranged from 20 to 300 CFU/100 ml, which were higher than permissible limit (0 CFU/100 ml) as per BIS standards. Statistical analysis had been used to calculate the correlation coefficient of different parameters with WQI and the study showed significant linear relationship and the high correlation coefficient between different pairs of water quality parameters. The correlation matrix shows that total iron concentration, total coliform, and faecal coliform have a significant effect on Water quality index. Among these parameters, TDS has the highest correlation with conductivity, sulphate, and chloride ion concentration whereas turbidity significantly correlates with the presence of nitrate in drinking water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:10:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e6e0497859348029a6197ab8296c333 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2665-9727 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:10:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e6e0497859348029a6197ab8296c3332022-12-21T18:12:33ZengElsevierEnvironmental and Sustainability Indicators2665-97272021-02-019100093Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of UttarakhandVinod Kothari0Suman Vij1SuneshKumar Sharma2Neha Gupta3Department of Statistics, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, IndiaDepartment of Commerce, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, IndiaHimmotthan- an Associate Organization of Tata Trusts, Dehradun, IndiaHimmotthan- an Associate Organization of Tata Trusts, Dehradun, India; Corresponding author. Himmotthan Society, India.This study is based on hydrogeochemical and biological parameters and calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) to assess water quality of a rural tract in five districts of Garhwal and Kumaon district of Uttarakhand, India. The drinking water quality parameters are pH, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Turbidity, Iron (Fe), Chloride (Cl), Fluoride (F), Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sulphate (SO4), Nitrate (NO3), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Arsenic (As), conductivity, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform and Total Residual Chlorine. It was observed that the physicochemical properties were as per BIS standards and found suitable for drinking purposes. However Bacteriological parameters i.e. Total coliform and Fecal coliform of some sampling sites ranged from 20 to 300 CFU/100 ml, which were higher than permissible limit (0 CFU/100 ml) as per BIS standards. Statistical analysis had been used to calculate the correlation coefficient of different parameters with WQI and the study showed significant linear relationship and the high correlation coefficient between different pairs of water quality parameters. The correlation matrix shows that total iron concentration, total coliform, and faecal coliform have a significant effect on Water quality index. Among these parameters, TDS has the highest correlation with conductivity, sulphate, and chloride ion concentration whereas turbidity significantly correlates with the presence of nitrate in drinking water.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972720300775Drinking waterWQIBacteriologicalStatistical analysisCorrelationLinear relationship |
| spellingShingle | Vinod Kothari Suman Vij SuneshKumar Sharma Neha Gupta Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand Environmental and Sustainability Indicators Drinking water WQI Bacteriological Statistical analysis Correlation Linear relationship |
| title | Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand |
| title_full | Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand |
| title_fullStr | Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand |
| title_short | Correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of Uttarakhand |
| title_sort | correlation of various water quality parameters and water quality index of districts of uttarakhand |
| topic | Drinking water WQI Bacteriological Statistical analysis Correlation Linear relationship |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972720300775 |
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