Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations
<p>The Dutch Wadden Sea is a UN World Heritage Site connected to the North Sea by multiple tidal inlets. Although there are strong tidal currents flowing through these inlets, the magnitude and direction of the residual circulation in the western Dutch Wadden Sea is important for sediment, sal...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Ocean Science |
| Online Access: | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/1805/2022/os-18-1805-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811290583779508224 |
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| author | J. van der Molen S. Groeskamp L. R. M. Maas |
| author_facet | J. van der Molen S. Groeskamp L. R. M. Maas |
| author_sort | J. van der Molen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The Dutch Wadden Sea is a UN World Heritage Site connected to the
North Sea by multiple tidal inlets. Although there are strong tidal currents
flowing through these inlets, the magnitude and direction of the residual
circulation in the western Dutch Wadden Sea is important for sediment,
salinity and nutrient balances. We found that the direction of this residual
flow is reversing.</p>
<p>This residual circulation has been the subject of various studies since the
1970s, in which substantially different net volume fluxes were presented. Differences in tidal conditions in the main inlets,
tidal rectification and meteorology were identified as driving mechanisms. Here we analysed
almost 13 years of acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations collected on the ferry crossing the
Marsdiep tidal inlet in the Dutch Wadden Sea since 2009. The results are
combined with earlier investigations covering the period 1998–2009. We find
a significant trend in the magnitude of the residual volume flux, with
decreasing export to the North Sea and with occasional imports observed in
recent years. We hypothesise that this trend is related predominantly to
changes in tides in the North Sea, which are caused by increased strength
and duration of stratification in response to global warming. With warming
projected to continue, we expect the residual flow in the Marsdiep to
continue to reverse to full inflow within the current decade, with potential
knock-on effects for the sediment budget and ecosystem of the western Wadden
Sea.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:15:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e6e1ad136714f6f8c9f1a57034e9742 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1812-0784 1812-0792 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:15:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ocean Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e6e1ad136714f6f8c9f1a57034e97422022-12-22T03:02:59ZengCopernicus PublicationsOcean Science1812-07841812-07922022-12-01181805181610.5194/os-18-1805-2022Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observationsJ. van der Molen0S. Groeskamp1L. R. M. Maas2Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), the NetherlandsDepartment of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), the NetherlandsInstitute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (IMAU), Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands<p>The Dutch Wadden Sea is a UN World Heritage Site connected to the North Sea by multiple tidal inlets. Although there are strong tidal currents flowing through these inlets, the magnitude and direction of the residual circulation in the western Dutch Wadden Sea is important for sediment, salinity and nutrient balances. We found that the direction of this residual flow is reversing.</p> <p>This residual circulation has been the subject of various studies since the 1970s, in which substantially different net volume fluxes were presented. Differences in tidal conditions in the main inlets, tidal rectification and meteorology were identified as driving mechanisms. Here we analysed almost 13 years of acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations collected on the ferry crossing the Marsdiep tidal inlet in the Dutch Wadden Sea since 2009. The results are combined with earlier investigations covering the period 1998–2009. We find a significant trend in the magnitude of the residual volume flux, with decreasing export to the North Sea and with occasional imports observed in recent years. We hypothesise that this trend is related predominantly to changes in tides in the North Sea, which are caused by increased strength and duration of stratification in response to global warming. With warming projected to continue, we expect the residual flow in the Marsdiep to continue to reverse to full inflow within the current decade, with potential knock-on effects for the sediment budget and ecosystem of the western Wadden Sea.</p>https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/1805/2022/os-18-1805-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | J. van der Molen S. Groeskamp L. R. M. Maas Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations Ocean Science |
| title | Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations |
| title_full | Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations |
| title_fullStr | Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations |
| title_short | Imminent reversal of the residual flow through the Marsdiep tidal inlet into the Dutch Wadden Sea based on multiyear ferry-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations |
| title_sort | imminent reversal of the residual flow through the marsdiep tidal inlet into the dutch wadden sea based on multiyear ferry borne acoustic doppler current profiler adcp observations |
| url | https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/1805/2022/os-18-1805-2022.pdf |
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