Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis
Regardless of preexisting lung illness, patients suffering from liver cirrhosis, especially decompensated liver cirrhosis can develop distinct pulmonary complications. Liver cirrhosis patients should be assessed for hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), hepatic hydrotho...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Brawijaya
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://crjim.ub.ac.id/index.php/crjim/article/view/158 |
| _version_ | 1831878338315026432 |
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| author | Muli Yaman Syifa Mustika |
| author_facet | Muli Yaman Syifa Mustika |
| author_sort | Muli Yaman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regardless of preexisting lung illness, patients suffering from liver cirrhosis, especially decompensated liver cirrhosis can develop distinct pulmonary complications. Liver cirrhosis patients should be assessed for hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), hepatic hydrothorax (HH) and spontaneous bacterial empyema (SBEM) which are the most clinically significant pulmonary consequences, in particular when dyspnea develops in conjunction with hepatic cirrhosis. These entities differ in terms of pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and suitable treatment options. This emphasize the need of specific diagnostic algorithm in liver cirrhosis patients presenting with dyspnea or other pulmonary symptoms. These pulmonary complications might be rare in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension but these complications might carry significant morbidity and mortality risks and, therefore, strong clinical suspicion is required to make an early accurate diagnosis. There are several medical therapies available for each condition in the multiple studies but most of the treatments and proceures doesn’t have significant benefit or have short lived benefit. The only treatment that changes the clinical prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis effectively in long term is liver transplantation. However liver transplantation also needs careful considerations as on some cases it might increase the risk of morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Cirrhosis Hepatis, Hepatopulmonary Syndrome, Portopulmonary Hypertension, Hepatic Hydrothorax, Spontaneous Bacterial Empyema |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:11:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e842d5bf25e40e298db8a8be45a0137 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2723-5130 2723-5122 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-21T21:29:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Brawijaya |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e842d5bf25e40e298db8a8be45a01372024-05-28T07:51:25ZengUniversitas BrawijayaClinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine2723-51302723-51222023-11-014247048010.21776/ub.crjim.2023.004.02.06108Lung Abnormalities in Liver CirrhosisMuli Yaman0Syifa Mustika1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2719Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, IndonesiaDivision of Gastroenterohepatology, Department of Internal Medicine,Universitas Brawijaya – RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, Indonesia Regardless of preexisting lung illness, patients suffering from liver cirrhosis, especially decompensated liver cirrhosis can develop distinct pulmonary complications. Liver cirrhosis patients should be assessed for hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), hepatic hydrothorax (HH) and spontaneous bacterial empyema (SBEM) which are the most clinically significant pulmonary consequences, in particular when dyspnea develops in conjunction with hepatic cirrhosis. These entities differ in terms of pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and suitable treatment options. This emphasize the need of specific diagnostic algorithm in liver cirrhosis patients presenting with dyspnea or other pulmonary symptoms. These pulmonary complications might be rare in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension but these complications might carry significant morbidity and mortality risks and, therefore, strong clinical suspicion is required to make an early accurate diagnosis. There are several medical therapies available for each condition in the multiple studies but most of the treatments and proceures doesn’t have significant benefit or have short lived benefit. The only treatment that changes the clinical prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis effectively in long term is liver transplantation. However liver transplantation also needs careful considerations as on some cases it might increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Cirrhosis Hepatis, Hepatopulmonary Syndrome, Portopulmonary Hypertension, Hepatic Hydrothorax, Spontaneous Bacterial Empyemahttps://crjim.ub.ac.id/index.php/crjim/article/view/158cirrhosis hepatis, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, hepatic hydrothorax, spontaneous bacterial empyema |
| spellingShingle | Muli Yaman Syifa Mustika Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine cirrhosis hepatis, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, hepatic hydrothorax, spontaneous bacterial empyema |
| title | Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis |
| title_full | Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis |
| title_fullStr | Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis |
| title_short | Lung Abnormalities in Liver Cirrhosis |
| title_sort | lung abnormalities in liver cirrhosis |
| topic | cirrhosis hepatis, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, hepatic hydrothorax, spontaneous bacterial empyema |
| url | https://crjim.ub.ac.id/index.php/crjim/article/view/158 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muliyaman lungabnormalitiesinlivercirrhosis AT syifamustika lungabnormalitiesinlivercirrhosis |