Inhibitory Effect of <i>Ulmus davidiana</i> and <i>Cornus officinalis</i> Extracts on Osteoporotic Bone Loss In Vitro and In Vivo
<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Traditional herbal medicines are becoming more popular as a complementary medication as they have the advantages of being mostly harmless and safe, causing fewer side-effects than conventional medications. Here, we demonstrate the inhibitory effects of t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/4/466 |
| Summary: | <i>Background and Objectives:</i> Traditional herbal medicines are becoming more popular as a complementary medication as they have the advantages of being mostly harmless and safe, causing fewer side-effects than conventional medications. Here, we demonstrate the inhibitory effects of the combination of <i>Ulmus davidiana</i> (UD) and <i>Cornus officinalis</i> (CO) extracts on osteoporotic bone loss. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This study presented osteogenic effects in primary cultured osteoblasts, pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell lines, and osteoclastogenic effects in osteoclasts derived from bone marrow monocytes, and finally, protective effects on bone loss in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic animal model. <i>Results</i>: A significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed following treatment with UD and CO mixtures (8:2, 7:3, and 5:5 ratios) and individual UD and CO extracts, with the highest ALP activity being detected for the treatment with UD and CO extracts at a 5:5 ratio. An optimal ratio of UD and CO (UC) extract promoted osteoblast differentiation in both pre-osteoblastic cells and primary osteoblasts by increasing osteoblastic markers such as <i>Alpl</i>, <i>Runx2</i>, and <i>Bglap</i>. However, treatment with the UC extract inhibited osteoclast differentiation with a decreased expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes, including <i>Ctsk</i>, <i>Acp5</i>, <i>Mmp9</i>, and <i>Nfatc1</i>. In addition, UC treatment prevented osteoporotic bone loss in OVX mice and improved impaired skeletal structure parameters. <i>Conclusions</i>: This study suggests that combined UD and CO extracts may be a beneficial traditional medicine for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. |
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| ISSN: | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |