From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
The understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has evolved with the knowledge of behavior, the brain, and their relationship. Modern views of OCD as a neuropsychiatric disorder originated from early lesion studies, with more recent models incorporating detailed neuropsychological findings,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01798/full |
| _version_ | 1818118869874638848 |
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| author | Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Marta eCamacho Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Rui eCosta Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia |
| author_facet | Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Marta eCamacho Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Rui eCosta Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia |
| author_sort | Bernardo eBarahona-Correa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has evolved with the knowledge of behavior, the brain, and their relationship. Modern views of OCD as a neuropsychiatric disorder originated from early lesion studies, with more recent models incorporating detailed neuropsychological findings, such as perseveration in set-shifting tasks, and findings of altered brain structure and function, namely of orbitofrontal corticostriatal circuits and their limbic connections. Interestingly, as neurobiological models of OCD evolved from cortical and cognitive to sub-cortical and behavioral, the focus of OCD phenomenology also moved from thought control and contents to new concepts rooted in animal models of action control. Most recently, the proposed analogy between habitual action control and compulsive behavior has led to the hypothesis that individuals suffering from OCD may be predisposed to rely excessively on habitual rather than on goal-directed behavioral strategies. Alternatively, compulsions have been proposed to result either from hyper-valuation of certain actions and/or their outcomes, or from excessive uncertainty in the monitoring of action performance, both leading to perseveration in prepotent actions such as washing or checking. In short, the last decades have witnessed a formidable renovation in the pathophysiology, phenomenology, and even semantics, of OCD. Nevertheless, such progress is challenged by several caveats, not least psychopathological oversimplification and overgeneralization of animal to human extrapolations. Here we present an historical overview of the understanding of OCD, highlighting converging studies and trends in neuroscience, psychiatry and neuropsychology, and how they influenced current perspectives on the nosology and phenomenology of this disorder. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:01:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e8b326e748d463aad3f963144330b86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:01:10Z |
| publishDate | 2015-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e8b326e748d463aad3f963144330b862022-12-22T01:20:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782015-11-01610.3389/fpsyg.2015.01798164263From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderBernardo eBarahona-Correa0Bernardo eBarahona-Correa1Bernardo eBarahona-Correa2Marta eCamacho3Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues4Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues5Rui eCosta6Albino J Oliveira-Maia7Albino J Oliveira-Maia8Albino J Oliveira-Maia9Nova Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de LisboaCentro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental - Hospital Egas MonizChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownCentro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de LisboaChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownCentro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental - Hospital Egas MonizChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownChampalimaud Centre for the UnknownThe understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has evolved with the knowledge of behavior, the brain, and their relationship. Modern views of OCD as a neuropsychiatric disorder originated from early lesion studies, with more recent models incorporating detailed neuropsychological findings, such as perseveration in set-shifting tasks, and findings of altered brain structure and function, namely of orbitofrontal corticostriatal circuits and their limbic connections. Interestingly, as neurobiological models of OCD evolved from cortical and cognitive to sub-cortical and behavioral, the focus of OCD phenomenology also moved from thought control and contents to new concepts rooted in animal models of action control. Most recently, the proposed analogy between habitual action control and compulsive behavior has led to the hypothesis that individuals suffering from OCD may be predisposed to rely excessively on habitual rather than on goal-directed behavioral strategies. Alternatively, compulsions have been proposed to result either from hyper-valuation of certain actions and/or their outcomes, or from excessive uncertainty in the monitoring of action performance, both leading to perseveration in prepotent actions such as washing or checking. In short, the last decades have witnessed a formidable renovation in the pathophysiology, phenomenology, and even semantics, of OCD. Nevertheless, such progress is challenged by several caveats, not least psychopathological oversimplification and overgeneralization of animal to human extrapolations. Here we present an historical overview of the understanding of OCD, highlighting converging studies and trends in neuroscience, psychiatry and neuropsychology, and how they influenced current perspectives on the nosology and phenomenology of this disorder.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01798/fullorbitofrontal cortexuncertaintygoal-directed behaviourHabitual behaviouraction value |
| spellingShingle | Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Bernardo eBarahona-Correa Marta eCamacho Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Pedro eCastro-Rodrigues Rui eCosta Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia Albino J Oliveira-Maia From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Frontiers in Psychology orbitofrontal cortex uncertainty goal-directed behaviour Habitual behaviour action value |
| title | From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
| title_full | From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
| title_fullStr | From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
| title_short | From Thought to Action: How the Interplay Between Neuroscience and Phenomenology Changed Our Understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
| title_sort | from thought to action how the interplay between neuroscience and phenomenology changed our understanding of obsessive compulsive disorder |
| topic | orbitofrontal cortex uncertainty goal-directed behaviour Habitual behaviour action value |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01798/full |
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